The nurse is performing a health assessment of a 3-month-old African-American boy. For what condition should this infant be monitored based on his race?

Jaundice

Iron deficiency

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Lactose intolerance

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. JaundicE. Jaundice is not specifically related to race and can occur in infants of any ethnicity. It is characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes due to elevated bilirubin levels and can have various underlying causes.

B. Iron deficiency: Iron deficiency anemia is more prevalent in African-American infants compared to other racial groups. Therefore, African-American infants should be monitored for iron deficiency and receive appropriate iron supplementation as recommended by healthcare providers.

C. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): GERD is not specifically related to race and can occur in infants of any ethnicity. It is characterized by reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus and can cause symptoms such as spitting up, irritability, and feeding difficulties.

D. Lactose intolerancE. Lactose intolerance is not typically a concern in infants, as they are usually able to digest lactose-containing milk without difficulty. It is more commonly diagnosed later in childhood or adulthood.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. “The preschooler is developing a conscience": This response acknowledges the ongoing development of morality in preschoolers. During the preschool years, children begin to

internalize rules and develop a sense of right and wrong, guided by their emerging conscience. They may start to show guilt or remorse when they do something wrong and may seek approval from adults.

B. "The preschooler's morals are his or her own, right or wrong": While preschoolers are

beginning to form their own sense of morality, it is not accurate to suggest that their morals are inherently right or wrong. Rather, they are in the process of learning and developing moral understanding.

C. "The preschooler sees morality as internal to self": This statement highlights the emerging understanding of morality as an internal guide for behavior. Preschoolers begin to recognize that certain actions are considered right or wrong, although their understanding may still be somewhat egocentric.

D. “The preschooler has no sense of right and wrong": This statement is incorrect. Preschoolers do start to develop a sense of right and wrong, although their understanding may be limited and influenced by their stage of cognitive and moral development.

A. Tell the child that another child the same age wasn't afraid. B. Permit the child to sit on the parent's lap during the examination. C. Offer immediate praise for holding still or doing what was asked. D. Allow the child to touch and hold the equipment when possible.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Tell the child that another child the same age wasn't afraiD. This approach may backfire as toddlers may not fully understand or relate to the concept of comparison with other children. Additionally, it could potentially increase the child's anxiety by implying that being afraid is abnormal.

B. Permit the child to sit on the parent's lap during the examination: Allowing the child to stay close to their caregiver can provide comfort and security, promoting cooperation during the examination.

C. Offer immediate praise for holding still or doing what was askeD. Positive reinforcement can encourage desired behavior and cooperation by reinforcing the child's efforts to comply with the examination process.

D. Allow the child to touch and hold the equipment when possiblE. Giving the child a sense of control and familiarity with the examination tools can help alleviate fear and increase cooperation during the examination.

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The nurse is performing a health assessment of a 3-month-old African-American boy. For what condition should this infant be monitored based on his race?

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