The nurse is performing a neurologic assessment on a client diagnosed with a stroke and cannot elicit a gag reflex. This deficit is related to which of the following cranial nerves?

Trigeminal nerve.

Facial nerve.

Glossopharyngeal nerve.

Vagus nerve.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

Choice A rationale

The trigeminal nerve is responsible for facial sensation and motor functions like chewing, not related to gag reflex impairment.

Choice B rationale

The facial nerve controls facial expressions, taste sensations, and other functions but does not influence the gag reflex.

Choice C rationale

The glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX) plays a crucial role in the gag reflex as it innervates part of the pharynx and is responsible for sensory functions in the throat.

Choice D rationale

The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) also contributes to the gag reflex, providing motor innervation to the pharyngeal muscles and aiding in swallowing and speech functions.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Vitiligo is a condition characterized by depigmentation of the skin, leading to white patches. It does not typically affect the fingernails, so pitting on the surface of the nails is not indicative of vitiligo.

Choice B rationale

Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that often affects the nails, leading to pitting or the appearance of small depressions on the nail surface. Nail psoriasis can also cause discoloration, thickening, and separation of the nail from the nail bed.

Choice C rationale

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that can affect the nails, causing dark streaks or pigmentation changes. However, pitting on the surface of the nails is not a characteristic feature of melanoma.

Choice D rationale

Diabetes can lead to various nail changes, including thickening and yellowing of the nails, but it does not typically cause pitting on the nail surface. Pitting is more specific to psoriasis.

A. Furuncles. B. Carbuncles. C. Comedones. D. Striae.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Furuncles, also known as boils, are deep folliculitis caused by bacterial infection, not sebum blockage.

Choice B rationale

Carbuncles are clusters of furuncles connected under the skin and are also caused by bacterial infection, not sebum blockage.

Choice C rationale

Comedones are primary lesions of acne caused by the blockage of hair follicles by sebum and keratin. They can be open (blackheads) or closed (whiteheads).

Choice D rationale

Striae, also known as stretch marks, are caused by the tearing of the dermis due to rapid stretching of the skin and are not related to sebum blockage in hair follicles.

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The nurse is performing a neurologic assessment on a client diagnosed with a stroke and cannot elicit a gag reflex. This deficit is related to which of the following cranial nerves?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing the fingernails of a client at the clinic. The nurse observes pitting on the surface of the nail. What disorder is this finding indicative of?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which primary lesions are associated with acne caused by sebum blockage in hair follicles?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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