The nurse is performing an admission assessment of a client complaining of chest pain. Which question(s) should the nurse ask in the assessment regarding the chief complaint? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

"What were you doing when the pain started?"

"How long has the pain lasted?"

"How would you describe the pain?"

"How has the pain affected your relationship with your spouse?"

"Can you rate the pain on a 0-10 scale with 10 being the worst?"

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E

A. "What were you doing when the pain started?" This question helps identify potential triggers or activities that may have precipitated the chest pain, which is crucial for understanding the context of the pain.

B. "How long has the pain lasted?" Knowing the duration of the pain is vital in assessing the urgency of the situation and determining whether it may be related to a serious condition like angina or myocardial infarction.

C. "How would you describe the pain?" This question allows the client to characterize the pain (e.g., sharp, dull, squeezing), which can provide insights into the potential causes and the nature of the chest pain.

D. "How has the pain affected your relationship with your spouse?" While this question might provide some psychosocial context, it is less directly related to the immediate assessment of the chest pain itself and can be considered secondary.

E. "Can you rate the pain on a 0-10 scale with 10 being the worst?" Pain rating is essential in assessing the severity of the pain, which can help guide treatment and interventions.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. increased fluid in the pericardial sac: While fluid accumulation can affect heart sounds, it typically leads to muffled heart sounds rather than a loud murmur. Increased fluid in the pericardial sac (pericardial effusion) usually does not produce a classic heart murmur.

B. dysfunction of one or more heart valves: This statement is correct. Heart murmurs are often caused by turbulence in blood flow due to the dysfunction of heart valves, such as stenosis (narrowing) or regurgitation (leaking). A loud murmur suggests significant turbulence, which is often indicative of valvular heart disease.

C. an aneurysm of the descending aorta: While an aortic aneurysm can cause other types of heart sounds or signs of cardiovascular compromise, it is not primarily associated with heart murmurs.

D. an occlusion of the right coronary artery: An occlusion may lead to ischemia or myocardial infarction, which can cause changes in heart sounds, but it does not directly cause a heart murmur. Murmurs are more specifically related to blood flow dynamics, particularly involving valves.

A. Furosemide 40 mg PO daily for a client whose blood pressure is 123986. B. Nitroglycerin 0.4 mg SL PRN for a client complaining of chest C. Metoprolol 25 mg PO bid for a client whose heart rate is 55 beats D. Diltiazem 30 mg PO tid for a client whose heart rate is 90 beats/min

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Furosemide 40 mg PO daily for a client whose blood pressure is 123/86: While furosemide is important for managing fluid status, the client's blood pressure is within a normal range, and this medication does not address any acute concerns.

B) Nitroglycerin 0.4 mg SL PRN for a client complaining of chest pain: This prescription should be implemented first because it addresses an immediate and potentially life-threatening symptom. Chest pain can indicate angina or myocardial infarction, making it critical to relieve this symptom promptly.

C) Metoprolol 25 mg PO bid for a client whose heart rate is 55 beats: While metoprolol is important for managing heart rate and hypertension, a heart rate of 55 beats/minute is on the lower end and could warrant caution. The priority would be to assess the need for medication before administering it.

D) Diltiazem 30 mg PO tid for a client whose heart rate is 90 beats/min: This medication is also important for managing heart rate and hypertension but is not the priority over addressing acute chest pain. The client’s heart rate is within a normal range, so this does not require immediate action compared to the nitroglycerin for chest pain.

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The nurse is performing an admission assessment of a client complaining of chest pain. Which question(s) should the nurse ask in the assessment regarding the chief complaint? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Nursing Test Bank

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