The nurse is preparing to perform a focused respiratory assessment on a client. The nurse should be cognizant of what anatomical characteristic of the lungs?

The right lung is approximately one third larger than the left lung.

The lower lobes of both lungs are primarily located toward the anterior chest wall.

The right lung has three lobes, while the left lung has two lobes.

The lungs are structurally symmetrical but functionally different.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. The right lung is larger than the left to accommodate the heart’s position, but it is not precisely one third larger.
B. The lower lobes of both lungs are primarily located toward the posterior chest wall, not the anterior. When auscultating breath sounds in the lower lobes, the nurse should focus on the posterior thorax.
C. The right lung has three lobes (upper, middle, and lower), while the left lung has two lobes (upper and lower). This anatomical difference is important for respiratory assessment and auscultation.
D. The lungs are not structurally symmetrical; the left lung is smaller due to the cardiac notch. While there are minor functional differences, the primary distinction is anatomical.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Thinning of the vertebral discs leads to a decrease in height, not weight.
B. Lean body mass actually decreases with aging, contributing to weight loss rather than gain.
C. Spinal kyphosis affects posture but does not significantly contribute to changes in body weight.
D. Loss of muscle tissue (sarcopenia) is correct because aging leads to a decline in muscle mass, which contributes to weight loss. Additionally, a slower metabolism and reduced physical activity further affect body composition.

A. Secreting bile B. Absorbing electrolytes C. Secreting digestive enzymes D. Absorbing large amounts of water

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. The colon does not secrete bile; bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.
B. The colon does absorb electrolytes, but its primary function is water absorption, which helps form solid stool.
C. The colon does not secrete digestive enzymes; enzyme secretion occurs primarily in the stomach and small intestine.
D. The colon's primary function is absorbing large amounts of water, which helps maintain fluid balance and form feces. Disruptions, such as in colon cancer, can lead to diarrhea or constipation.

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The nurse is preparing to perform a focused respiratory assessment on a client. The nurse should be cognizant of what anatomical characteristic of the lungs?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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