The nurse is reviewing IV solutions to identify which solution falls under which category.
0.45% sodium chloride
0.9% sodium chloride
Lactated Ringers
Albumin
The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"C"}}
|
Solutions
|
Hypotonic |
Isotonic |
Hypertonic |
|
0.45% sodium chloride
|
✅ |
|
|
|
0.9% sodium chloride
|
|
✅ |
|
|
Lactated Ringers
|
|
✅ |
|
|
Albumin
|
|
|
✅ |
0.45% Sodium Chloride (Hypotonic): Has lower osmolarity than blood, causing fluid to shift into cells, making them swell. Used for dehydration and intracellular rehydration.
0.9% Sodium Chloride (Isotonic): Has the same osmolarity as blood, so it stays in the intravascular space. Used for fluid resuscitation (hypovolemia, dehydration, shock).
Lactated Ringers (Isotonic): Contains electrolytes (Na+, K+, Ca2+, lactate), making it ideal for burns, surgery, and trauma patients. Maintains intravascular volume without fluid shifts.
Albumin (Hypertonic): Large protein that pulls fluid into the intravascular space (colloid osmotic pressure). Used for hypovolemia, burns, or severe hypoalbuminemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Diphenhydramine: An antihistamine used for motion sickness, but not first-line for severe nausea and dehydration.
B. Famotidine: A histamine-2 blocker used for acid reflux, not nausea control.
C. Omeprazole: A proton pump inhibitor for acid suppression, not for nausea and vomiting.
D. Ondansetron: Ondansetron (Zofran) is a serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonist that is highly effective for nausea and vomiting, especially in dehydration and severe vomiting.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Respiratory Alkalosis: Alkalosis results from hyperventilation, which is not expected with thoracic trauma.
B. Metabolic Acidosis: Metabolic acidosis occurs due to renal failure, lactic acidosis, or diarrhea, not thoracic trauma.
C. Metabolic Alkalosis: Alkalosis can result from vomiting or excessive bicarbonate intake, not respiratory failure.
D. Respiratory Acidosis: Severe thoracic trauma can impair lung expansion, leading to hypoventilation and CO₂ retention, causing respiratory acidosis.
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