The nurse is teaching the client with hypernatremia about dietary restrictions. Which foods would the nurse tell them to avoid?

Milk and organ meats.

Cheese, lunch meats, and canned vegetables

Alcohol and fried foods

Green leafy vegetables and salt sub

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Milk and organ meats. These foods do not contain excessive sodium.

B. Cheese, lunch meats, and canned vegetables: These foods are high in sodium, which can worsen hypernatremia by increasing serum sodium levels. Processed meats and canned vegetables contain excess salt and preservatives.

C. Alcohol and fried foods. Alcohol can cause dehydration, but not necessarily high sodium levels.

D. Green leafy vegetables and salt substitutes. Green leafy vegetables are low in sodium, and some salt substitutes contain potassium, not sodium.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Respiratory Alkalosis: Alkalosis results from hyperventilation, which is not expected with thoracic trauma.

B. Metabolic Acidosis: Metabolic acidosis occurs due to renal failure, lactic acidosis, or diarrhea, not thoracic trauma.

C. Metabolic Alkalosis: Alkalosis can result from vomiting or excessive bicarbonate intake, not respiratory failure.

D. Respiratory Acidosis: Severe thoracic trauma can impair lung expansion, leading to hypoventilation and CO₂ retention, causing respiratory acidosis.

A. Hypotension B. Polyuria C. Weight loss D. Edema

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hypotension: Fluid overload typically causes hypertension, not hypotension.

B. Polyuria: ESRD patients typically have oliguria or anuria, not excessive urine output.

C. Weight loss: Fluid overload leads to weight gain due to fluid retention.

D. Edema: Fluid overload causes peripheral and pulmonary edema due to impaired kidney function. Clients may also experience hypertension, dyspnea, and crackles.

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The nurse is teaching the client with hypernatremia about dietary restrictions. Which foods would the nurse tell them to avoid?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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