The nurse is teaching the client with hypernatremia about dietary restrictions. Which foods would the nurse tell them to avoid?

Milk and organ meats.

Cheese, lunch meats, and canned vegetables

Alcohol and fried foods

Green leafy vegetables and salt sub

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Milk and organ meats. These foods do not contain excessive sodium.

B. Cheese, lunch meats, and canned vegetables: These foods are high in sodium, which can worsen hypernatremia by increasing serum sodium levels. Processed meats and canned vegetables contain excess salt and preservatives.

C. Alcohol and fried foods. Alcohol can cause dehydration, but not necessarily high sodium levels.

D. Green leafy vegetables and salt substitutes. Green leafy vegetables are low in sodium, and some salt substitutes contain potassium, not sodium.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "If I stop sweating, I should call 911 or get to the Emergency Department quickly.” An absence of sweating can indicate heat stroke, a medical emergency.

B. "If this happens in the future, lying in cool water would be beneficial.” Cooling measures like cold baths, ice packs, and shade help reduce body temperature.

C. “Using salt tablets to replenish my electrolytes may lead to nausea and vomiting.” Salt tablets can irritate the stomach and cause nausea, vomiting, and hypernatremia.

D. "Drinking water is the best way to improve sodium intake.” While water helps with rehydration, it does not replace lost sodium. Excessive water intake without electrolytes can cause hyponatremia, leading to confusion, seizures, or coma. Electrolyte-containing drinks (e.g., sports drinks, oral rehydration solutions) are better choices.

A. Diarrhea B. Shivering C. Hypotension D. Vomiting

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Diarrhea: Diarrhea is not a common side effect of cooling therapy and does not indicate a need to stop treatment.

B. Shivering: Shivering counteracts the cooling effect of the blanket, increasing body temperature and metabolic demand. This indicates the treatment is ineffective and needs adjustment.

C. Hypotension: While cooling can cause vasodilation and lower blood pressure, mild hypotension does not immediately necessitate stopping treatment.

D. Vomiting: Vomiting may be due to fever-related illness but is not a direct indicator that cooling should be stopped.

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The nurse is teaching the client with hypernatremia about dietary restrictions. Which foods would the nurse tell them to avoid?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

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