Three glasses of red wine.
May offer some cardiovascular benefits.
Is generally considered a moderate amount of alcohol.
Should be avoided by individuals with liver disease.
Can contribute to dehydration if not accompanied by sufficient water intake.
Correct Answer : A,C,D
Choice A rationale
Moderate consumption of red wine has been associated with potential cardiovascular benefits, primarily attributed to the presence of antioxidants like resveratrol. Resveratrol may help prevent damage to blood vessels, reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (the "bad" cholesterol), and prevent blood clots. However, these potential benefits must be balanced against the risks associated with alcohol consumption.
Choice B rationale
Generally, three glasses of red wine would be considered beyond moderate alcohol consumption for most individuals. Moderate drinking is typically defined as up to one drink per day for women and up to two drinks per day for men. Three glasses could lead to significant impairment, increased risk of accidents, and potential long-term health consequences associated with excessive alcohol intake.
Choice C rationale
Individuals with liver disease should generally avoid alcohol consumption altogether. The liver is the primary organ responsible for metabolizing alcohol, and liver disease impairs this function. Consuming alcohol can further damage the liver, exacerbate existing conditions, and lead to serious complications.
Choice D rationale
Alcohol is a diuretic, meaning it increases urine production. This diuretic effect can lead to dehydration if fluid intake does not adequately compensate for the increased fluid loss through urination. Therefore, consuming three glasses of red wine, without sufficient water intake, can contribute to dehydration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["100"]
Explanation
Step 1 is: Calculate the total daily dose: 3 mg/kg/day × 100 kg = 300 mg/day.
Step 2 is: Calculate the amount per dose: 300 mg/day ÷ 3 doses/day = 100 mg/dose.
The amount for each dose should be 100 mg.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While nurses are generally expected to follow physician's orders, they also have a professional and ethical responsibility to advocate for their patients. In situations where an order conflicts with the patient's wishes and ethical principles, blindly following the order can lead to moral distress.
Choice B rationale
The physician's order, which contradicts the patient's explicit request, can indeed create a barrier to establishing an effective nurse-client relationship built on trust and respect for the patient's autonomy. The nurse may feel conflicted in carrying out an unwanted intervention.
Choice C rationale
The situation creates an ethical dilemma for the nurse because there are conflicting courses of action with moral implications. The nurse faces a conflict between the duty to follow the physician's order and the ethical principle of respecting the patient's autonomy and right to refuse treatment, even life-sustaining measures at the end of life.
Choice D rationale
The nurse is not unable to provide care but faces a complex ethical challenge in determining the most appropriate and ethical course of action that respects the patient's wishes while navigating the physician's order.
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