The nurse is reviewing the risk factors for venous disease. Which of these situations best describes a person at highest risk for the development of venous disease?

Older adult taking anticoagulant medication

Person who has been on bed rest for 4 days

Person with a 30-year, 1 pack per day smoking habit

Woman in her second month of pregnancy

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Older adult taking anticoagulant medication: Anticoagulants reduce the risk of thrombosis.

B. Person who has been on bed rest for 4 days: Prolonged immobility reduces muscle contraction, leading to decreased venous return and increased risk of venous stasis and DVT.

C. Person with a 30-year smoking habit: Smoking is a risk factor for arterial disease rather than venous disease.

D. Woman in her second month of pregnancy: Pregnancy increases venous pressure but is more significant in the third trimester.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Nerve degeneration in the inner ear: This describes presbycusis, a common age-related hearing loss due to degeneration of the cochlea or auditory nerve, often affecting the ability to hear high-frequency sounds and distinguish sounds in noisy environments.
B. Cilia becoming coarse and stiff: This contributes to conductive hearing loss but does not typically cause difficulty localizing sounds.
C. Scarring of the tympanic membrane: This may result from repeated infections but usually causes conductive hearing loss.
D. Atrophy of the apocrine glands: This affects sweat production, not hearing.

A. Select all that apply. B. low fat diet C. diabetes mellitus D. decreased lipid levels E. smoking F. heavy alcohol use G. physical activity H. hypertension I. male J. Obesity

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E","H","I"]

Explanation

A. Low-fat diet: This reduces the risk of arterial insufficiency, making it incorrect as a risk factor.

B. Diabetes mellitus: Diabetes is a significant risk factor due to its effects on vascular health.

C. Decreased lipid levels: Lower lipid levels reduce arterial risk, making it incorrect as a risk factor.

D. Smoking: Smoking damages blood vessels and increases arterial insufficiency risk.

E. Heavy alcohol use: Excessive alcohol consumption contributes to hypertension and cardiovascular disease.

F. Physical activity: Physical activity reduces arterial risk, making it incorrect as a risk factor.

G. Hypertension: High blood pressure increases arterial insufficiency risk.

H. Male: Males have a higher risk of developing arterial insufficiency than females.

I. Obesity: Obesity increases the risk of atherosclerosis and arterial insufficiency.

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The nurse is reviewing the risk factors for venous disease. Which of these situations best describes a person at highest risk for the development of venous disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 70-year-old patient tells the nurse that he has noticed that he is having trouble hearing, especially in large groups. He says that he "can't always tell where the sound is coming from" and the words often sound "mixed up." What might the nurse suspect as the cause for this change?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is educating a patient regarding arterial insufficiency. The nurse knows the patient has a correct understanding of arterial risk factors by listing the following:

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E","H","I"]

Explanation

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