The nurse is reviewing the risk factors for venous disease. Which of these situations best describes a person at highest risk for the development of venous disease?
Older adult taking anticoagulant medication
Person who has been on bed rest for 4 days
Person with a 30-year, 1 pack per day smoking habit
Woman in her second month of pregnancy
The Correct Answer is B
A. Older adult taking anticoagulant medication: Anticoagulants reduce the risk of thrombosis.
B. Person who has been on bed rest for 4 days: Prolonged immobility reduces muscle contraction, leading to decreased venous return and increased risk of venous stasis and DVT.
C. Person with a 30-year smoking habit: Smoking is a risk factor for arterial disease rather than venous disease.
D. Woman in her second month of pregnancy: Pregnancy increases venous pressure but is more significant in the third trimester.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Change in cilia: This is not the cause of dry, flaky cerumen. It would not be typical to assess hearing loss based on this observation alone.
B. Poor hygiene: Dry, flaky cerumen is not indicative of poor hygiene. Hygiene-related cerumen would more likely be wet and impacted.
C. Lesions from eczema: While eczema can affect the ear canal, the dry cerumen itself is more likely to be a normal characteristic for some individuals, particularly in people of Asian descent.
D. Normal finding: The presence of dry, flaky cerumen is normal in certain ethnic groups, including East Asians, and usually requires no follow-up.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. This emphasizes recognizing abnormal findings, such as an enlarged testicle or a painless lump, which may indicate testicular cancer.
B. Testicles are smooth, firm, and egg-shaped but should not have a lumpy consistency.
C. Monthly, not weekly, self-examinations are recommended for early detection.
D. The best time to examine is during or after a warm shower when the scrotum is relaxed, not before.
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