The nurse is teaching a client about preventing symptoms of thalassemia.
Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

"It is important to avoid exposure to cold climates.”.

"You need to consume an increased amount of oral fluids daily.”.

"Include iron and vitamin B12-rich foods in your diet each day.”.

"Be sure to check the list of medications and substances to avoid before starting anything new.”. . . .

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Avoiding exposure to cold climates is not specific to thalassemia prevention. While cold environments may exacerbate general vasoconstriction, they do not influence the genetic and hematologic basis of thalassemia symptoms.

Choice B rationale

Increasing fluid intake does not directly address thalassemia pathophysiology. While hydration is vital, it does not correct the primary anemia or the compromised oxygen delivery stemming from abnormal hemoglobin synthesis.

Choice C rationale

Iron and vitamin B12-rich foods are beneficial for conditions involving deficiency anemia. However, thalassemia involves a genetic defect in hemoglobin chains, so excess iron could even result in iron overload complications.

Choice D rationale

Medications and substances that exacerbate hemolysis, such as sulfonamides or antimalarials, should be avoided in thalassemia. Awareness and prevention of exposure are key to minimizing symptoms and complications in affected individuals. .

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

A low sodium, high-calorie diet may improve overall health but does not address immediate severe pain from renal colic. Dietary modifications can have long-term benefits but are not first-line interventions for acute pain caused by kidney stones. Immediate pain relief is prioritized over dietary adjustments in this scenario.

Choice B rationale

Increasing fluid intake helps flush out kidney stones and prevent their formation. However, fluid intake does not provide immediate pain relief for renal colic. It is crucial in long-term management, but acute management prioritizes analgesics to address the client’s severe pain.

Choice C rationale

Tamsulosin relaxes the smooth muscles in the urinary tract, facilitating stone passage and reducing obstruction-related discomfort. While beneficial, it takes time to work and does not immediately relieve severe pain. It is not the first prescription to implement for acute pain management in renal colic.

Choice D rationale

Morphine sulfate is an opioid analgesic that provides rapid relief for severe pain associated with renal colic. Administering morphine addresses the acute issue and allows for further interventions to manage the underlying cause. Pain control is the priority in renal colic cases with severe pain.

A. Right and left-sided diastolic. B. Right-sided systolic and diastolic. C. Right-sided diastolic. D. Right-sided systolic.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Right-sided heart failure with thickened heart muscle refers specifically to the impaired filling capacity due to diastolic dysfunction. Diastolic dysfunction affects the filling phase, not the pumping phase. It may involve one side or both sides but is not explicitly described as right and left-sided diastolic in this context.

Choice B rationale

Right-sided systolic heart failure affects the pumping ability, while diastolic affects filling. Both conditions together do not explain the thickened myocardium impairing filling. A combination of systolic and diastolic failure typically includes both pumping and filling abnormalities rather than isolated thickening with poor filling.

Choice C rationale

Right-sided diastolic failure results from impaired ventricular relaxation and thickened myocardium, leading to reduced filling capacity. This type of failure involves the heart's inability to accommodate blood during diastole, consistent with the description of thickened heart muscle and poor filling on the right side.

Choice D rationale

Right-sided systolic failure involves impaired contractility and pumping of blood to the lungs, not poor filling caused by thickened muscle. Systolic dysfunction decreases the heart's output rather than affecting the filling phase described in this scenario.

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The nurse is teaching a client about preventing symptoms of thalassemia.Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is reviewing the prescriptions for a client with severe pain from renal colic.Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse implement first?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is explaining to a client diagnosed with heart failure that the client's heart muscle has thickened on the right side and is not able to fill properly.The nurse is explaining which of the following types of heart failure?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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