The nurse is teaching about the process of passively moving water from an area of lower particle concentration to an area of higher particle concentration. Which process is the nurse describing?

Osmosis

Filtration

Diffusion

Active transport

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Osmosis: Osmosis is the process of moving water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower particle concentration (lower solute concentration) to an area of higher particle concentration (higher solute concentration). This is a passive process and doesn’t require energy.

B. Filtration: Filtration is the process by which fluid and solutes are forced through a membrane by hydrostatic pressure, from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure.

C. Diffusion: Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, not specifically involving water or particle concentration differences.

D. Active transport: Active transport requires energy to move particles against a concentration gradient (from lower to higher concentration). This process differs from osmosis, which is a passive process.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Avoid hanging the IV with K and inform the registered nurse (RN) of the urine output: The low urine output suggests potential renal impairment, which could lead to potassium retention. Administering potassium could cause dangerous hyperkalemia, so it’s important to hold the IV and consult the RN for further evaluation.

B. Run the IV rapidly for 30 minutes to stimulate urine production: Rapid infusion could worsen fluid overload or cause other complications, and it will not address the renal issue causing the low urine output. Potassium should be avoided to prevent complications.

C. Call the physician who ordered the K+: While notifying the physician is important, the immediate priority is to inform the RN, as the potassium infusion should be withheld until renal function is assessed and corrected, if necessary.

D. Hang the IV as ordered and chart the output: Hanging the IV with potassium is risky in this case, as the client may not be able to eliminate potassium due to decreased renal function. Monitoring urine output is crucial before proceeding with potassium administration.

Correct Answer is ["300"]

Explanation

Calculation:

Total volume of the medication solution to be infused = 300 mL.

Infusion time = 60 minutes.

Convert the infusion time from minutes to hours.

Infusion time in hours = 60 minutes / 60 minutes/hour

= 1 hour.

Calculate the infusion rate in milliliters per hour (mL/hr).

Infusion rate (mL/hr) = Total volume (mL) / Infusion time (hr)

= 300 mL / 1 hour

= 300 mL/hour.

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The nurse is teaching about the process of passively moving water from an area of lower particle concentration to an area of higher particle concentration. Which process is the nurse describing?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN) is preparing to add a new IV of 5% dextrose in water (D5W) with potassium (K) to an existing line. The LPN/LVN notices that only 25 mL of urine has been collected over the past hour. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Linezolid 600 mg IV once a day is ordered for a patient. The linezolid is dissolved in 300 mL of NS and should infuse over 60 minutes. Using an IV controller, how many milliliters per hour should the linezolid be infused?

Correct Answer is ["300"]

Explanation

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