The nurse observes a co-worker who always seems to be eating a cup of ice. The nurse encourages the co-worker to have an examination and diagnostic workup with the health care provider. What type of anemia is the nurse concerned that the co-worker may have?

Megaloblastic anemia

Iron deficiency anemia

Sickle cell anemia

Aplastic anemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Megaloblastic anemia, caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, leads to macrocytic red blood cells and symptoms like fatigue and neurological issues. Ice eating (pica) is not a hallmark; it is more associated with iron deficiency, which drives unusual cravings, making this less likely.

Choice B reason: Iron deficiency anemia is associated with pica, including ice eating (pagophagia), a common symptom. Low iron impairs hemoglobin synthesis, causing microcytic anemia, fatigue, and cravings for non-nutritive substances like ice, likely due to neurological or metabolic effects of iron deficiency, matching the co-worker’s behavior.

Choice C reason: Sickle cell anemia, an inherited hemolytic anemia, causes vaso-occlusive crises and fatigue but is not linked to ice eating. Pica is specific to iron deficiency, not hemoglobinopathies like sickle cell, which involves sickled red blood cells, not iron store depletion.

Choice D reason: Aplastic anemia, due to bone marrow failure, causes pancytopenia, leading to fatigue and infections but not pica or ice eating. This behavior is characteristic of iron deficiency, not the generalized blood cell deficiency seen in aplastic anemia, making it an unlikely diagnosis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder caused by a genetic mutation in the hemoglobin gene, leading to abnormal hemoglobin (HbS). This causes red blood cells to sickle under stress, triggering hemolysis. The autosomal recessive inheritance pattern makes it a classic example of an inherited hemolytic anemia with chronic hemolysis.

Choice B reason: Hypersplenism is not an inherited disorder but a condition where an enlarged spleen sequesters and destroys red blood cells, causing anemia. It results from secondary causes like liver disease or portal hypertension, not genetic mutations, making it an acquired cause of hemolytic anemia.

Choice C reason: Cold agglutinin disease is typically acquired, often due to infections or autoimmune disorders, causing antibodies to agglutinate red blood cells at low temperatures, leading to hemolysis. While rare congenital forms exist, it is not primarily inherited, unlike sickle cell anemia’s genetic basis.

Choice D reason: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is usually acquired, caused by autoantibodies attacking red blood cells, leading to hemolysis. It is associated with conditions like lupus or infections, not genetic mutations. Unlike sickle cell anemia, it lacks an inherited genetic component as its primary etiology.

A. Place the client’s clock on the affected side B. Place the client’s extremities where the client can see them C. Approach the client on the side where vision is impaired D. Keep the lighting in the client’s room low

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Reasoning:

Choice A reason: Placing the clock on the affected side (left in right-sided stroke) worsens hemianopsia issues, as the client cannot see the left visual field. This increases neglect and disorientation. Positioning items in the intact visual field helps the client compensate for the visual deficit effectively.

Choice B reason: Placing extremities in the client’s intact visual field (right side in right-sided stroke) compensates for left hemianopsia. This helps the client maintain awareness of their body, reducing neglect and injury risk, as they cannot see the left side, improving safety and sensory integration.

Choice C reason: Approaching from the impaired side (left in right-sided stroke) increases disorientation and neglect in hemianopsia. Approaching from the intact right side ensures the client can see and respond, improving communication and reducing startle or confusion caused by unseen approaches.

Choice D reason: Keeping lighting low may reduce glare but does not address hemianopsia’s visual field loss. Adequate lighting in the intact field enhances visibility of objects and extremities, aiding compensation for the deficit. Low lighting could increase disorientation in clients with visual impairments.

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The nurse observes a co-worker who always seems to be eating a cup of ice. The nurse encourages the co-worker to have an examination and diagnostic workup with the health care provider. What type of anemia is the nurse concerned that the co-worker may have?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which type of hemolytic anemia is categorized as an inherited disorder?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client is diagnosed with a right-sided stroke. The client is now experiencing hemianopsia. How can the nurse help the client manage potential sensory and perceptual difficulties?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with sickle cell anemia has a:

A nurse is reviewing the trend of a client’s scores on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). This provides what potential information to the nurse about the client’s status?

A nurse is caring for an older client who has had a hemorrhagic stroke. The client has exhibited impulsive behavior and, despite reminders from the nurse, doesn’t recognize their limitations. Which priority measure should the nurse implement to prevent injury?

A nurse is caring for a client with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Which finding would indicate that the client has developed fluid overload?

The nurse observes the laboratory studies for a client in the hospital with fatigue, feeling cold all of the time, and hemoglobin of 8.6 g/dL and a hematocrit of 28%. What finding would be an indicator of iron-deficiency anemia?

An adult client has been diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. Which is most likely based on this client’s health status?

Which of the following medications is used in the treatment of diabetes insipidus to control fluid balance?

What interventions can the nurse encourage the client with diabetes insipidus to implement to control thirst and compensate for urine loss?