The nurse performs an assessment of a child with pertussis (whooping cough). Which finding would the nurse identify as indicative of a potential complication?

A urinary output of 30 mL/hr

A white blood cell (WBC) count of 10.000 mm3 (10×109/L)

Decreased breath sounds in the lung bases

A weight gain

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. A urinary output of 30 mL/hr
Explanation: While decreased urinary output may indicate dehydration, it is not a specific finding related to pertussis. Dehydration can occur due to inadequate fluid intake or loss through vomiting or sweating.
B. A white blood cell (WBC) count of 10,000 mm3 (10×10^9/L)
Explanation: An elevated white blood cell count is a common finding in infections, including pertussis. It reflects the body's immune response to the infection. A WBC count of 10,000 mm3 is within the normal range, and while it indicates an inflammatory response, it does not specifically point to a complication.
C. Decreased breath sounds in the lung bases
Explanation:
Pertussis is a respiratory infection caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. Complications can arise, including pneumonia. Decreased breath sounds in the lung bases may suggest the presence of pneumonia, which is a serious complication of pertussis. Pneumonia can lead to respiratory distress and requires prompt medical attention.
D. A weight gain
Explanation: Weight gain is not typically associated with pertussis. In fact, respiratory distress and difficulty feeding during coughing paroxysms can lead to weight loss in infants with pertussis. Weight gain may be indicative of other unrelated factors.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Range-of-motion exercises must be performed every day."
Explanation: While range-of-motion exercises are important for maintaining joint flexibility in juvenile idiopathic arthritis, it is not advisable to perform these exercises during painful exacerbations. The frequency and intensity of exercises may need to be adjusted based on the child's current condition.
B. "Administer additional pain medication before performing range-of-motion exercises."
Explanation: While pain management is important in the care of a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, relying solely on pain medication before exercises may not be the most effective approach. Isometric exercises that are less likely to cause pain can be a better option during exacerbations.
C. "Have the child perform simple isometric exercises during this time."
Explanation:
During a painful exacerbation of juvenile idiopathic arthritis, it is important to maintain joint flexibility and prevent joint contractures. Simple isometric exercises that do not involve joint movement can help in maintaining muscle strength and joint flexibility without exacerbating pain. Range-of-motion exercises may be too painful during an exacerbation, but isometric exercises can be less painful and still beneficial.
D. "Avoid all exercise during painful periods."
Explanation: Complete avoidance of exercise during painful periods is not recommended. Maintaining joint flexibility and muscle strength is important for managing juvenile idiopathic arthritis. However, the type and intensity of exercises should be adjusted based on the child's pain level during exacerbations.

A. A highly pruritic profuse macule to papule rash on the trunk B. A discrete pinkish red maculopapular rash that is spreading to the trunk C. An erythema on the face that has a "slapped face appearance D. A discrete rose-pink maculopapular rash on the trunk

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A highly pruritic profuse macule to papule rash on the trunk.
Explanation: This description does not align with the typical presentation of erythema infectiosum. The rash in fifth disease is not highly pruritic, and the initial characteristic is the "slapped face" appearance.
B. A discrete pinkish red maculopapular rash that is spreading to the trunk.
Explanation: While erythema infectiosum can involve a discrete rose-pink maculopapular rash on the trunk and limbs, the key initial characteristic is the "slapped face" appearance.
C. An erythema on the face that has a "slapped face appearance."
Explanation:
Erythema infectiosum, caused by the parvovirus B19, is commonly known as fifth disease. The initial rash often presents with a distinctive "slapped face" appearance, characterized by erythema (redness) on the cheeks, resembling a slapped appearance. Subsequently, a discrete rose-pink maculopapular rash may develop on the trunk and limbs.
D. A discrete rose-pink maculopapular rash on the trunk.
Explanation: This description aligns with the later stages of the rash in erythema infectiosum. However, the initial characteristic is the "slapped face" appearance on the face.

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The nurse performs an assessment of a child with pertussis (whooping cough). Which finding would the nurse identify as indicative of a potential complication?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The parents of a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis call the clinic nurse because the child is experiencing a painful exacerbation of the disease. The parents ask the nurse if the child can perform range-of-motion exercises at this time. The nurse would make which response?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

On assessment, the school nurse notes that the child has a rash. The nurse suspects that the child has erythema infectiosum (fifth disease). because the skin assessment revealed a rash that has which characteristics?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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