The parent of a hospitalized 2-year-old child with viral laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) asks the nurse why the pediatrician did not prescribe antibiotics. Which response would the nurse make?

The child is too young to receive antibiotics

"Antibiotics are not indicated unless a bacterial infection is present.

The child may be allergic to antibiotics.

The child still has the maternal antibodies from birth and does not need antibiotics

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. The child is too young to receive antibiotics: This statement doesn't address the actual reason for not prescribing antibiotics for croup, which is primarily due to its viral nature.
B. "Antibiotics are not indicated unless a bacterial infection is present."
Explanation:
Viral laryngotracheobronchitis, commonly known as croup, is typically caused by a viral infection, most commonly by the parainfluenza virus. Antibiotics are not effective against viruses. Therefore, unless a bacterial infection is also present, prescribing antibiotics is not necessary or beneficial in treating croup.
C. The child may be allergic to antibiotics: While antibiotic allergies are a consideration, it doesn't explain why antibiotics are not prescribed for viral illnesses like croup.
D. The child still has the maternal antibodies from birth and does not need antibiotics: Maternal antibodies can offer some protection against infections, but the primary reason for not using antibiotics in viral infections like croup is because antibiotics are ineffective against viruses.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Orthopnea
Explanation:
Orthopnea refers to difficulty breathing that occurs when lying flat. In heart failure, fluid may accumulate in the lungs, leading to respiratory distress when the child is in a supine position. Orthopnea is a common symptom of heart failure in both adults and children.
B. Bradycardia
Explanation: Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is not a typical finding in heart failure. Heart failure often leads to compensatory mechanisms, including an increased heart rate (tachycardia), to maintain cardiac output.
C. Weight loss
Explanation: Weight loss is not a typical finding in heart failure. In fact, heart failure in children may lead to fluid retention and weight gain rather than weight loss.
D. Increased urine output
Explanation: Heart failure in toddlers is more likely to be associated with decreased urine output rather than increased urine output. Reduced cardiac output can result in decreased blood flow to the kidneys, leading to decreased urine production and potential fluid retention. Increased urine output is not a characteristic finding in heart failure.

A. The child needs to avoid exposure to other illnesses. B. Frequent handwashing is important. C. Clean up body fluid spills with bleach solution (10:1 ratio of water to bleach). D. Monitor the child's weight. E. The child's immunization schedule will need revision. F. Fever, malaise, fatigue, weight loss, vomiting, and diarrhea are expected to occur and do not require special intervention

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A. The child needs to avoid exposure to other illnesses.
Explanation: Children with AIDS have compromised immune systems and are more susceptible to infections. Therefore, it is important to minimize exposure to other illnesses to reduce the risk of infections.
B. Frequent handwashing is important.
Explanation: Good hand hygiene helps prevent the spread of infections. Encouraging frequent handwashing is crucial in the care of a child with AIDS.
C. Clean up body fluid spills with bleach solution (10:1 ratio of water to bleach).
Explanation: Using a bleach solution to clean up body fluid spills helps to disinfect and reduce the risk of transmission of infections. The recommended ratio is 10 parts water to 1 part bleach.
D. Monitor the child's weight.
Explanation: Monitoring the child's weight is important for assessing nutritional status and overall health. Weight loss may indicate underlying health issues that need attention.
E. The child's immunization schedule will need revision.
Explanation: Children with AIDS may have altered immune function, but the need for immunizations is still crucial. However, live vaccines may need to be avoided. The immunization schedule should be discussed and individualized with the healthcare provider.
F. Fever, malaise, fatigue, weight loss, vomiting, and diarrhea are expected to occur and do not require special intervention.
Explanation: While these symptoms may occur, they should not be dismissed without evaluation. Any changes in the child's health, including symptoms such as fever, malaise, fatigue, weight loss, vomiting, and diarrhea, should be reported to the healthcare provider for appropriate assessment and intervention.

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The parent of a hospitalized 2-year-old child with viral laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) asks the nurse why the pediatrician did not prescribe antibiotics. Which response would the nurse make?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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