The nurse recognizes that the goals of teaching about the transmission of tuberculosis have been met when the client with tuberculosis:

Covers the mouth and nose when coughing.

Reports daily to the public health department.

Demonstrates correct use of the N95 mask.

Washes dishes and personal items after use.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Covering the mouth and nose when coughing is a critical measure to prevent the spread of tuberculosis (TB). TB is primarily transmitted through airborne particles when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. By covering the mouth and nose, the client reduces the risk of spreading the bacteria to others, which is a fundamental goal of TB transmission education.

Choice B reason: Reporting daily to the public health department is important for monitoring and managing TB treatment, but it does not directly relate to preventing the transmission of TB. This action is more about ensuring adherence to treatment protocols and monitoring the client’s health status.

Choice C reason: Demonstrating correct use of the N95 mask is also crucial in preventing the spread of TB, especially in healthcare settings or when the client is in close contact with others. The N95 mask filters out airborne particles, including TB bacteria, thereby reducing the risk of transmission. However, this measure is typically emphasized in specific situations rather than as a general practice for all clients with TB.

Choice D reason: Washing dishes and personal items after use is good hygiene practice but is not specifically related to the transmission of TB. TB is not spread through contact with dishes or personal items but through airborne particles.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Initiating droplet precautions is not sufficient for a client presenting with symptoms such as coughing up blood, productive cough, and night sweats. These symptoms are indicative of possible tuberculosis (TB), which is an airborne disease. Droplet precautions are used for infections spread through large respiratory droplets, such as influenza or pertussis, but not for TB.

Choice B reason:

Considering standard precautions to be sufficient is incorrect. Standard precautions are the basic level of infection control that should be used in the care of all patients to prevent the spread of infections. However, for a client with symptoms suggestive of TB, additional airborne precautions are necessary to prevent the spread of the disease.

Choice C reason:

Transferring the client to a positive pressure room is inappropriate. Positive pressure rooms are designed to keep contaminants out and are used for protecting immunocompromised patients from infections. For a client with suspected TB, a negative pressure room is required to prevent the spread of infectious particles to other areas.

Choice D reason:

Initiating airborne precautions is the correct intervention. Airborne precautions are necessary for diseases that are transmitted through smaller respiratory droplets that can remain suspended in the air and be inhaled by others. Tuberculosis is one such disease, and initiating airborne precautions helps to prevent the spread of the infection to healthcare workers and other patients.

A. The vaccine that you received will protect you against the flu, but the pneumonia vaccine will protect you from bacterial pneumonia. B. That’s great. You are fully protected against influenza and pneumonia this year. C. You are correct. Influenza will cause pneumonia in many cases. D. You have some protection, but it would be best to get the pneumonia vaccine to prevent you from carrying the disease to other people.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: The influenza vaccine and the pneumococcal pneumonia vaccine protect against different pathogens. The influenza vaccine protects against the flu virus, while the pneumococcal vaccine protects against Streptococcus pneumoniae, a common cause of bacterial pneumonia. It is important for individuals, especially those with chronic respiratory diseases, to receive both vaccines to reduce the risk of severe respiratory infections.

Choice B reason: Stating that the client is fully protected against both influenza and pneumonia with just the flu vaccine is incorrect. The flu vaccine does not provide protection against bacterial pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Therefore, it is essential to receive the pneumococcal vaccine as well.

Choice C reason: While influenza can lead to secondary bacterial pneumonia, it is not accurate to say that influenza will cause pneumonia in many cases. The primary purpose of the influenza vaccine is to prevent the flu, not pneumonia. The pneumococcal vaccine specifically targets the bacteria that cause pneumonia.

Choice D reason: Suggesting that the client should get the pneumonia vaccine to prevent carrying the disease to others is not the most appropriate response. The primary reason for receiving the pneumococcal vaccine is to protect the individual from developing bacterial pneumonia, not just to prevent transmission.

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The nurse recognizes that the goals of teaching about the transmission of tuberculosis have been met when the client with tuberculosis:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a newly admitted client whose chief complaint is “coughing up blood” and whose recent history includes a productive cough and night sweats. What is the nurse’s priority intervention?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

An older adult client with chronic respiratory disease tells the nurse it is unnecessary to receive the pneumococcal pneumonia vaccine because the influenza vaccine was just received two months ago. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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