The nurse teaches parents about drowning risks.
Which group is at greatest risk?
Preschoolers.
Toddlers.
Infants.
Teenagers.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Preschoolers (ages 3-5 years) are at risk for drowning, often due to their increasing independence and exploration without fully understanding water hazards. However, they are generally more coordinated than toddlers and may have some understanding of safety rules.
Choice B rationale
Toddlers (ages 1-3 years) are at the greatest risk for drowning due to their natural curiosity, developing mobility, and lack of awareness of danger. They can wander off and fall into pools, bathtubs, or even buckets of water. Their head-to-body ratio makes it difficult for them to lift their heads if they fall face-first into water.
Choice C rationale
Infants (under 1 year) are dependent on caregivers and are typically supervised closely around water. While they can drown in shallow water, their lack of mobility reduces their risk compared to toddlers who are actively exploring their environment.
Choice D rationale
Teenagers, while still at risk for drowning, often due to risk-taking behaviors around water or substance use, generally have a better understanding of water safety than younger children and are more physically capable in the water.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Washing bedding and recently worn clothing in hot water (above 54°C or 130°F) helps to kill lice and their nits (eggs) that may be present on these items, preventing re-infestation or spread to others. The heat denatures the proteins essential for the lice's survival.
Choice B rationale
Sealing non-washable items in a plastic bag for 2 weeks suffocates any lice and allows any hatched nymphs to die due to lack of a blood meal. Lice cannot survive for extended periods away from a human host.
Choice C rationale
Both washing bedding and clothing in hot water and sealing non-washable items are crucial steps in eliminating head lice and preventing recurrence or transmission. Therefore, all of the above instructions should be provided to parents.
Choice D rationale
Notifying the school allows for screening of other children and implementation of appropriate measures to prevent further spread of the head lice within the school environment. While important for public health, it is an action separate from the direct treatment and environmental control measures that parents should undertake at home.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A tick is the arachnid responsible for transmitting Lyme disease. The characteristic rash associated with Lyme disease is erythema migrans, often described as a "bull's-eye" rash, which can appear days to weeks after a bite from an infected blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis or Ixodes pacificus). Spending time in wooded areas increases the risk of tick exposure.
Choice B rationale
Spiders are arachnids, but they are not the primary vector for Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii and is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected American dog ticks (Dermacentor variabilis) or Rocky Mountain wood ticks (Dermacentor andersoni). The rash associated with this disease typically starts on the wrists and ankles and spreads centrally.
Choice C rationale
Mites are arachnids, and certain types cause scabies, a contagious skin infestation characterized by intense itching and a pimple-like rash due to the burrowing of the Sarcoptes scabiei mite into the skin. While hiking in wooded areas could potentially lead to exposure to some types of mites, the rash of scabies has a distinct presentation and transmission pattern different from Lyme disease.
Choice D rationale
Chiggers are also mites (arachnids) that can be found in wooded areas. Their bites cause chigger dermatitis, characterized by intensely itchy red welts or bumps where the larvae have attached to the skin. While the history of hiking is relevant to potential exposure to chiggers, the rash and the associated disease are distinct from the erythema migrans rash of Lyme disease. .
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