The nursing instructor is conducting a class on the development of an infant. The instructor determines the class is successful when the students correctly illustrate which as the proximodistal development in an infant?

Walk for several steps, then learns to run.

Roll over, then learns to follow an object with the eyes.

Imitate speech-like sounds, then learns to speak a language.

Kick and wave the arms, then learns to grasp the foot and pull it to the mouth.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Walking then running is a gross motor sequence, not proximodistal, which progresses from central to peripheral control. Arm waving to foot grasping shows this pattern, making this incorrect, as it does not illustrate the infant’s proximodistal development in the instructor’s class.

Choice B reason: Rolling over precedes eye tracking, but proximodistal development involves motor control from trunk to extremities. Arm waving to foot grasping better illustrates this, making this incorrect, as it does not reflect the central-to-peripheral progression of infant motor development in the lesson.

Choice C reason: Imitating sounds to speaking is linguistic, not proximodistal, which focuses on motor control from core to limbs. Arm waving to foot grasping demonstrates this pattern, making this incorrect, as it does not represent the physical developmental sequence taught in the infant development class.

Choice D reason: Kicking and arm waving involve trunk and proximal muscles, while grasping the foot uses distal control, illustrating proximodistal development. Students choosing this show understanding, aligning with infant motor development principles, making it the correct example for a successful class on infant development.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Forming clay vases requires fine motor skills but may lack the complexity to engage an 8-year-old’s cognitive and creative abilities. A model plane offers a challenging, age-appropriate task, making this less stimulating and incorrect for the developmental needs of an 8-year-old in the playroom.

Choice B reason: Stacking blocks is too simplistic for an 8-year-old, better suited for younger children developing basic motor skills. A model plane engages advanced dexterity and problem-solving, making this insufficiently challenging and incorrect for the cognitive level of an 8-year-old in the hospital.

Choice C reason: Assembling a model plane suits an 8-year-old’s fine motor skills, concentration, and interest in complex tasks. This project aligns with developmental stages for school-aged children, promoting engagement and skill-building, making it the best choice for the playroom activity for the child.

Choice D reason: Building a sandcastle is creative but less structured than a model plane, which challenges an 8-year-old’s dexterity and focus. Sandcastles may be less engaging for hospitalized children, making this incorrect compared to the structured, skill-based task of model plane assembly in the playroom.

A. “At birth, the infant’s right and left ventricle are about the same size.” B. “The child’s heart doesn’t mature and function like an adult’s until between 8 and 10 years of age.” C. “The heart rate of the child decreases whenever the child experiences a fever.” D. “Between the ages of 5 and 6, the child’s left ventricle grows to about two times the size of the right.”

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: At birth, the infant’s right and left ventricles are nearly equal in size due to fetal circulation demands. This aligns with pediatric cardiology, making it the correct statement demonstrating understanding of the newborn’s cardiovascular system as discussed in the nurses’ review session.

Choice B reason: The heart matures earlier, with adult-like function by early childhood, not 8-10 years. Equal ventricle size at birth is accurate, making this incorrect, as it overestimates the timeline for cardiovascular maturation in the nurse’s understanding of the child’s heart development.

Choice C reason: Heart rate typically increases with fever in children, not decreases, due to metabolic demands. Equal ventricle size at birth is correct, making this inaccurate and incorrect compared to the true statement about the infant’s cardiovascular system in the nurses’ review.

Choice D reason: The left ventricle grows slightly larger but not twice the right’s size by 5-6 years. Equal ventricles at birth is accurate, making this incorrect, as it exaggerates ventricular growth in the nurse’s understanding of the child’s cardiovascular system development.

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The nursing instructor is conducting a class on the development of an infant. The instructor determines the class is successful when the students correctly illustrate which as the proximodistal development in an infant?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is preparing a variety of projects for the pediatric clients on the unit to work on in the playroom. In deciding on projects, the nurse determines the 8-year-old will be best suited to work on which activity?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A group of nurses is reviewing the cardiovascular system and its function. Which statement by one of the nurses demonstrates an understanding of a child’s cardiovascular system?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse admits a child with a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). During each phase of treatment, which would most likely be seen periodically?

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The nurse is developing a care plan for several clients who were seen in the clinic that day. Which situation will the nurse conclude is most likely to experience challenges in the growth and development of the children?

The pediatric nurse is caring for a group of 4-year-old clients with various diagnoses. The child being treated for which diagnosis will most need help understanding what is happening to him or her?

A 2-year-old child is reported to be a “picky eater” by his father. What pointers could the nurse provide the parent to help minimize stress related to mealtime? (Select all that apply)

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