The nursing instructor is conducting a class on the development of an infant. The instructor determines the class is successful when the students correctly illustrate which as the proximodistal development in an infant?

Walk for several steps, then learns to run.

Roll over, then learns to follow an object with the eyes.

Imitate speech-like sounds, then learns to speak a language.

Kick and wave the arms, then learns to grasp the foot and pull it to the mouth.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Walking then running is a gross motor sequence, not proximodistal, which progresses from central to peripheral control. Arm waving to foot grasping shows this pattern, making this incorrect, as it does not illustrate the infant’s proximodistal development in the instructor’s class.

Choice B reason: Rolling over precedes eye tracking, but proximodistal development involves motor control from trunk to extremities. Arm waving to foot grasping better illustrates this, making this incorrect, as it does not reflect the central-to-peripheral progression of infant motor development in the lesson.

Choice C reason: Imitating sounds to speaking is linguistic, not proximodistal, which focuses on motor control from core to limbs. Arm waving to foot grasping demonstrates this pattern, making this incorrect, as it does not represent the physical developmental sequence taught in the infant development class.

Choice D reason: Kicking and arm waving involve trunk and proximal muscles, while grasping the foot uses distal control, illustrating proximodistal development. Students choosing this show understanding, aligning with infant motor development principles, making it the correct example for a successful class on infant development.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Half an aspirin with a viral infection poses a small Reye syndrome risk, warranting monitoring for symptoms like lethargy or vomiting. This aligns with pediatric safety guidelines, making it the best response to inform the mother while ensuring vigilance for the 9-year-old’s health.

Choice B reason: Nasal discharge and sneezing are unrelated to Reye syndrome, which involves neurological symptoms like stupor. Monitoring for lethargy or vomiting is correct, making this incorrect, as it lists irrelevant symptoms for the mother’s concern about Reye syndrome in her child.

Choice C reason: Admitting for observation overstates the risk, as a single half aspirin rarely causes Reye syndrome. Monitoring for specific symptoms is sufficient, making this alarmist and incorrect compared to the nurse’s balanced response to the mother’s concern about the viral infection.

Choice D reason: Downplaying the risk as unlikely ignores the potential, though rare, link between aspirin and Reye syndrome in viral infections. Monitoring for symptoms is prudent, making this dismissive and incorrect compared to advising vigilance for the 9-year-old’s safety post-aspirin use.

A. “Girls tend to urinate less frequently than boys, making them more susceptible to UTIs.” B. “It is unlikely that your daughter is practicing good cleaning habits after she voids.” C. “Girls need more vitamin C than boys to keep their urinary tract healthy, so your daughter may be deficient in vitamin C.” D. “A girl’s urethra is much shorter and straighter than a boy’s, so it can be contaminated fairly easily.”

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Urination frequency varies individually, not by gender, and isn’t a primary UTI risk factor. The shorter female urethra explains higher UTI rates, making this inaccurate and incorrect compared to the anatomical reason for the daughter’s recurrent infections in the 5-year-old twins.

Choice B reason: Assuming poor hygiene without evidence is speculative and less relevant than anatomical differences. The shorter urethra is the primary UTI risk in girls, making this blaming and incorrect compared to explaining the biological factor contributing to the daughter’s infections in the teaching.

Choice C reason: Vitamin C may support urinary health but isn’t gender-specific or a primary UTI cause. The shorter female urethra directly increases contamination risk, making this irrelevant and incorrect compared to the anatomical explanation for the daughter’s recurrent UTIs in the caregiver’s twins.

Choice D reason: Girls’ shorter, straighter urethras allow easier bacterial access to the bladder, explaining higher UTI rates compared to boys. This anatomical fact aligns with pediatric urology evidence, making it the accurate statement to clarify the daughter’s recurrent infections for the caregiver of the twins.

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The nursing instructor is conducting a class on the development of an infant. The instructor determines the class is successful when the students correctly illustrate which as the proximodistal development in an infant?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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