The parents of a 30-week preterm infant ask the nurse why the baby can get cold so easily. The nurse explains:
Preterm neonates shiver to retain heat.
Preterm neonates lie in a fetal position.
Preterm neonates’ blood vessels are deeper under the surface of their skin.
Preterm neonates have minimal body fat to retain body heat.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Preterm neonates lack developed mechanisms to shiver for thermogenesis, relying instead on non-shivering thermogenesis primarily through brown fat metabolism, which is underdeveloped in preterm infants.
Choice B rationale
The fetal position does not significantly affect heat retention in preterm neonates, as their thermoregulatory mechanisms depend on adequate fat stores and skin coverage.
Choice C rationale
Blood vessels in preterm neonates are closer to the skin's surface, increasing heat loss due to greater exposure and lack of insulating subcutaneous fat.
Choice D rationale
Preterm neonates have minimal body fat, impeding insulation and heat retention, leading to rapid heat loss, necessitating external warming measures like incubators or radiant warmers.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Hypoxia may contribute to tachypnea and distress, but it is unlikely the primary cause, as baseline fetal heart rate of 180 BPM indicates infection-related stress rather than isolated oxygen deprivation.
Choice B rationale
Respiratory distress syndrome predominantly affects preterm infants due to surfactant deficiency. At 37 weeks’ gestation, surfactant levels should be adequate, making this an unlikely cause of the newborn’s tachypnea and pallor.
Choice C rationale
Prolonged rupture of membranes increases the risk of neonatal sepsis. Signs such as tachypnea, pallor, and elevated fetal heart rate with marked variability suggest systemic infection requiring immediate evaluation and treatment.
Choice D rationale
Phrenic nerve injury typically causes diaphragmatic paralysis, leading to asymmetric chest movement and respiratory distress. However, it does not explain the systemic signs like pallor or elevated heart rate, making it an unlikely cause.
Correct Answer is ["C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Bottle feeding does not impact recovery from postpartum hemorrhage. Breastfeeding promotes oxytocin release, aiding uterine contractions to minimize bleeding risk, unlike bottle feeding, which has no therapeutic impact.
Choice B rationale
Aspirin is contraindicated postpartum as it increases bleeding risk due to its antiplatelet effects. Analgesic alternatives like acetaminophen are preferred for pain relief in hemorrhage recovery settings.
Choice C rationale
Frequent fundal assessments monitor for uterine atony, a leading hemorrhage cause. Ensuring the uterus remains firm and contracted is critical in preventing recurrent excessive blood loss postpartum.
Choice D rationale
A CBC after six hours checks hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet levels, identifying ongoing bleeding or anemia. Timely lab evaluation ensures appropriate interventions like transfusions or iron supplementation.
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