The patient complaints of dyspnea and the nurse is concerned the patient may need oxygen. What assessment will the nurse perform to determine if the patient needs supplemental oxygen?

Auscultate breath sounds.

Observe chest expansion

Measure capillary refill

Measure oxygen saturation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Auscultating breath sounds can provide valuable information about the presence of wheezing, crackles, or diminished breath sounds, which may indicate respiratory issues. However, while this assessment is important for understanding the underlying cause of dyspnea, it does not directly measure the patient's oxygenation status.
B.   Observing chest expansion can help the nurse assess the mechanics of breathing and whether there are any restrictions in lung expansion. While this assessment is useful, it does not provide a clear indication of the patient's oxygen saturation levels or immediate need for supplemental oxygen.
C.   Measuring capillary refill can give insights into peripheral perfusion and circulation, which can be affected by oxygenation. However, it is not the most direct or specific assessment for determining the need for supplemental oxygen in a patient with dyspnea.
D.   Measuring oxygen saturation (using a pulse oximeter) provides a direct and objective assessment of the patient's oxygenation status. Normal oxygen saturation levels typically range from 95% to 100%. If the oxygen saturation is below the acceptable range (usually less than 92% in many clinical settings), this would indicate the need for supplemental oxygen.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Cholecystitis, which is inflammation of the gallbladder, is not directly associated with diabetes mellitus. While people with diabetes may have other gastrointestinal issues, cholecystitis is not considered a long-term complication of diabetes.
B. Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas and is not a common long-term complication of diabetes. While chronic pancreatitis can lead to diabetes (type 3c diabetes), it is not primarily caused by diabetes itself. Thus, it is not considered a typical long-term complication of diabetes mellitus.
C. Presbyopia is the age-related loss of near vision due to the hardening of the lens in the eye. While individuals with diabetes can experience eye problems, presbyopia is a normal part of aging and not specifically a long-term complication of diabetes.
D. Diabetic neuropathy is a well-known long-term complication of diabetes mellitus. It results from nerve damage caused by prolonged high blood sugar levels. Neuropathy can lead to various symptoms, including pain, tingling, and loss of sensation, particularly in the extremities.

A. Kidney disease B. Pain C. Glaucoma D. Anemia

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Kidney disease is one of the most common causes of secondary hypertension. Conditions such as chronic kidney disease or renal artery stenosis can lead to increased blood pressure due to fluid retention or increased renin production.
B. While pain can cause temporary increases in blood pressure due to the body's stress response, it is not an identifiable cause of secondary hypertension. Pain-related hypertension is usually acute and resolves once the pain is managed, rather than being a chronic condition.
C. Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure, but it is not a cause of hypertension. Although systemic hypertension can affect eye health, glaucoma itself does not cause secondary hypertension. Therefore, this is not an identifiable cause.
D. Anemia does not directly cause secondary hypertension. While severe anemia can sometimes result in compensatory mechanisms that might elevate blood pressure, it is not a recognized or direct cause of secondary hypertension. Thus, it is not a primary concern in this context.

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The patient complaints of dyspnea and the nurse is concerned the patient may need oxygen. What assessment will the nurse perform to determine if the patient needs supplemental oxygen?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which is a long-term complication of diabetes mellitus?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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