An eighth-grade student appears in the school office with a skin manifestation that itches. He states that it began on the way to school after he took a shortcut through a field. The nurse performs a skin assessment and finds areas of erythema with streaks and patches on both legs. She determines that he is exhibiting signs of contact dermatitis. What is the first action that the nurse should take?

Alert the child's parents.

Apply cool, wet compresses.

Contact medical help by notifying the child's health care provider

Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   While it may be important to inform the parents later, this is not the immediate priority. The first step should be to assess and manage the current situation before involving the parents.
B.   This is a reasonable action to help soothe the itching and irritation caused by contact dermatitis. However, before applying compresses, it’s crucial to ensure that the area is clean and that there is no potential for worsening the condition.
C.   This may be necessary if the reaction is severe or worsening, but in this case, the student is exhibiting signs consistent with contact dermatitis, which can often be managed effectively at school without immediate medical intervention.
D.   Washing the affected area with soap and water helps remove any potential irritants or allergens that may be causing the dermatitis. This action can help prevent the condition from worsening and relieve some of the symptoms.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Congenital cataracts are present at birth and are relatively rare. In older adults, cataracts are primarily associated with age-related changes rather than congenital factors.
B. While certain medications used to treat asthma, like corticosteroids, can contribute to the development of cataracts, asthma itself is not a direct cause of cataracts. This connection is not strong enough to be considered a common cause.
C. While eye injuries can lead to cataract formation, they are not the most common cause, especially in the older adult population. Most cataracts develop due to age-related changes rather than trauma.
D. The most prevalent cause of cataracts, especially in older adults, is aging. As people get older, changes in the lens of the eye can lead to clouding, resulting in cataracts. Factors like UV exposure, smoking, and certain medical conditions may also contribute, but aging is the primary and most common factor.

A. Lesions in the scalp that extend to the hairline or neck. B. Circular lesion with raised edges and central clearing and itching C. White sacs attached to the hair shafts in the occipital area D. Maculopapular lesions behind the ears.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While scratching due to lice can lead to irritation and lesions, this finding is not specific to pediculosis capitis. Lesions extending to the hairline or neck could be caused by various conditions, such as eczema or dermatitis, rather than lice infestation.
B. This description is more characteristic of tinea capitis (scalp ringworm) rather than pediculosis capitis. Tinea capitis presents as circular patches with raised edges and may cause itching, but it is not caused by lice.
C. In cases of pediculosis capitis, the white sacs refer to nits (lice eggs), which are commonly found attached to hair shafts, especially around the occipital area (back of the head). Nits are oval and may be mistaken for dandruff but are firmly attached to the hair.
D. While maculopapular lesions can be a result of scratching, they are not a typical finding in pediculosis capitis. Such lesions might indicate another skin condition or an allergic reaction rather than an infestation of lice.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An older adult patient asks the nurse what caused his cataract. The nurse's response is based on which information?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The school nurse is conducting pediculosis capitis checks. A child with a positive head check would have which finding?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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