The patient is admitted with upper GI bleeding following an episode of forceful vomiting due to excessive alcohol intake. The nurse suspects a Mallory-Weiss tear. Which of the following is true of a Mallory-Weiss tear?

A. Proper hand hygiene is critical to prevent introducing infections into the eye, especially after eye surgery. The client should always wash their hands before touching their eyes or administering any eye drops to maintain sterility and reduce the risk of infection.
B. After extracapsular cataract extraction, the cataract itself does not grow back on the implanted lens. However, a condition called posterior capsule opacification (PCO) can occur, where the membrane behind the lens becomes cloudy. This can be treated with a simple outpatient procedure called YAG laser capsulotomy.
C. Bending at the waist can increase intraocular pressure and put strain on the eye, which can hinder healing or increase the risk of complications. The client should be advised to avoid bending over and instead use alternative methods, such as bending their knees or getting assistance to reach items on the ground.
D. In modern cataract surgery, many procedures are performed without sutures or with self-sealing techniques that do not require suture removal. The specific follow-up care, including whether sutures need to be removed, should be confirmed with the surgeon.
E. Wearing an eye shield at night helps protect the eye from accidental rubbing or injury while sleeping, which is crucial for proper healing. The client should follow the physician's instructions regarding the duration of shield use, but wearing it until cleared by the physician is generally recommended to ensure the eye remains protected during the initial healing period.

A. Parkinson's disease is not generally considered to be caused by an autoimmune reaction or a recent infection. Autoimmune reactions leading to neurodegeneration are more commonly associated with other conditions such as multiple sclerosis, not Parkinson's disease.
B. The exact cause of Parkinson's disease is indeed unknown, but research suggests that it results from a combination of genetic predispositions and environmental factors. Genetic mutations may contribute to the development of Parkinson's disease in some individuals, while environmental factors such as exposure to certain toxins or other external influences might also play a role. The interplay between these factors is still being studied.
C. There is no evidence to support the idea that Parkinson's disease is caused by the reactivation of a virus affecting cranial nerve VII (the facial nerve). Parkinson's disease involves the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, not specifically related to viral reactivation or isolated to cranial nerve VII.
D. Demyelination of nerves is characteristic of multiple sclerosis, not Parkinson's disease. In Parkinson's disease, the primary issue is the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain, not demyelination. This option describes a different pathological process unrelated to Parkinson's disease.