The patient is admitted with upper GI bleeding following an episode of forceful vomiting due to excessive alcohol intake. The nurse suspects a Mallory-Weiss tear. Which of the following is true of a Mallory-Weiss tear?

The bleeding occurs from peptic ulcers in the stomach.

This type of bleeding is treated by giving chewable aspirin.

The bleeding occurs from tears in the lining of the duodenum.

The bleeding occurs from a tear in the mucosal lining where the esophagus meets the stomach.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Peptic ulcers are sores that develop on the lining of the stomach, small intestine, or esophagus due to the erosion caused by stomach acid. A Mallory-Weiss tear is not related to peptic ulcers. Instead, it results from a different type of injury related to forceful vomiting or retching.
B. Chewable aspirin is not a treatment for Mallory-Weiss tears. In fact, aspirin can exacerbate bleeding and is typically avoided in situations where gastrointestinal bleeding is present. Mallory-Weiss tears are generally managed by supportive measures and sometimes endoscopic interventions, not with aspirin.
C. A Mallory-Weiss tear specifically affects the mucosal lining at the junction of the esophagus and the stomach, not the duodenum. The duodenum is part of the small intestine, and tears or bleeding here are not characteristic of Mallory-Weiss syndrome.

D. A Mallory-Weiss tear is a tear or laceration in the mucosal lining at the gastroesophageal junction (where the esophagus meets the stomach). It is typically caused by severe vomiting or retching, which can lead to the tear and subsequent upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Estrogen's role in temperature regulation is not as significant as other factors in the context of aging and body temperature maintenance.
B. Increased blood pressure itself does not directly influence the ability to maintain body temperature. While hypertension can have various effects on cardiovascular health, it is not a primary factor in the regulation of body temperature in older adults.
C. Decreased muscle strength and tone are significant factors affecting temperature regulation. Muscle activity generates heat, and a decline in muscle mass and strength can impair the body’s ability to generate and maintain adequate warmth.
D. Decreased subcutaneous fat is a key factor in temperature regulation. Subcutaneous fat acts as an insulator, helping to retain body heat. As people age, they often experience a decrease in subcutaneous fat, which reduces their ability to insulate and maintain body heat effectively.

A. The client is of Asian descent. B. The client's water source comes from a well. C. The client worked in agriculture. D. The client is military veteran.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Ethnicity alone is not a known risk factor for ALS. ALS has a relatively uniform incidence across different ethnic groups. Studies have not demonstrated a significant correlation between ALS and being of Asian descent specifically.

B. There is limited evidence suggesting that consuming well water could be associated with an increased risk of ALS, particularly if the well water is contaminated with certain toxins or heavy metals. However, this is not a widely established risk factor and is less directly linked to ALS compared to other known risk factors.
C. Working in agriculture has been identified as a potential risk factor for ALS. Agricultural workers are often exposed to various environmental toxins, pesticides, and herbicides, which have been associated with an increased risk of developing ALS. This occupational exposure is considered a significant risk factor for the disease.
D. Military veterans are known to have an increased risk of developing ALS. Several studies have shown that veterans, particularly those who served in combat or were exposed to specific environmental hazards during their service, have a higher incidence of ALS compared to the general population.

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The patient is admitted with upper GI bleeding following an episode of forceful vomiting due to excessive alcohol intake. The nurse suspects a Mallory-Weiss tear. Which of the following is true of a Mallory-Weiss tear?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for an 83-year-old client who asks for a warm blanket despite the room temperature being 80°F. The nurse understands that which of the following physiological changes experienced by older adults makes it more difficult for them maintain their body temperature?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Which finding is consistent with known risk factors for this disease?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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The patient is admitted with upper GI bleeding following an episode of forceful vomiting due to excessive alcohol intake. The nurse suspects a Mallory-Weiss tear. Which of the following is true of a Mallory-Weiss tear?

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