The patient is returning to the medical-surgical unit after a dialysis session. The nurse notes bleeding from the patient’s vascular access in the left arm. Which of the following is the nurse’s first action?

Take patient's blood pressure

Call the physician

Apply pressure to access site

Notify the dialysis nurse

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice a reason: Taking the patient's blood pressure is not the first action to take in this situation. While monitoring vital signs is important, the immediate priority is to stop the bleeding. Addressing the bleeding at the access site takes precedence to prevent excessive blood loss and potential complications.
Choice b reason: Calling the physician is not the first action to take when the nurse notes bleeding from the vascular access site. While notifying the physician is important, the initial step must be to control the bleeding to ensure the patient's safety and stability.
Choice c reason: Applying pressure to the access site is the appropriate first action. This step is crucial to stop the bleeding and prevent further blood loss. Applying direct pressure helps to control the bleeding immediately, which is the primary concern in this situation. Once the bleeding is controlled, further actions such as notifying the physician and documenting the incident can be taken.
Choice d reason: Notifying the dialysis nurse is also not the first action to take. While it is important to inform the dialysis nurse and other members of the healthcare team, the priority is to control the bleeding by applying pressure to the access site. Once the bleeding is under control, the dialysis nurse can be notified to ensure proper follow-up and care.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice a reason: Wearing cotton underwear is recommended to reduce the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Cotton is breathable and helps keep the genital area dry, preventing the growth of bacteria. This choice of underwear is actually a preventative measure against UTIs rather than a risk factor.
Choice b reason: Having a healthy immune system is protective against infections, including UTIs. A strong immune system helps the body fight off bacteria that may enter the urinary tract, reducing the likelihood of developing an infection. Therefore, it is not a risk factor for UTIs.
Choice c reason: Drinking plenty of water is a preventive measure for UTIs. Adequate hydration helps flush out bacteria from the urinary tract through frequent urination, reducing the risk of infection. Encouraging fluid intake is an important strategy in preventing UTIs.
Choice d reason: Frequent sexual activity is a well-known risk factor for UTIs. Sexual intercourse can introduce bacteria into the urinary tract, increasing the risk of infection. This is especially common in women due to the shorter length of the urethra. Proper hygiene practices, such as urinating after intercourse, can help mitigate this risk.

A. Encouraging fluid intake to increase urine output B. Providing frequent reminders for the client to use the restroom C. Encouraging the client to perform Kegel exercises regularly D. Limiting the client's access to the restroom to promote bladder control

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice a reason: Encouraging fluid intake to increase urine output is not the most effective intervention for managing urinary incontinence. While adequate hydration is important, simply increasing fluid intake can exacerbate the symptoms of incontinence and lead to more frequent episodes of urine leakage.
Choice b reason: Providing frequent reminders for the client to use the restroom can be helpful in managing incontinence, especially in individuals who may have cognitive impairments or are forgetful. However, it is not the most effective intervention compared to exercises that strengthen the pelvic floor muscles.
Choice c reason: Encouraging the client to perform Kegel exercises regularly is the most appropriate intervention for managing urinary incontinence. Kegel exercises help strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, which support the bladder and urethra, and can improve bladder control. Regular practice of these exercises has been shown to reduce the symptoms of incontinence significantly.
Choice d reason: Limiting the client's access to the restroom to promote bladder control is not an appropriate intervention. This approach can increase the risk of urinary retention and lead to complications such as urinary tract infections. It is more important to promote regular voiding patterns and encourage the use of techniques that improve bladder control.

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The patient is returning to the medical-surgical unit after a dialysis session. The nurse notes bleeding from the patient’s vascular access in the left arm. Which of the following is the nurse’s first action?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following is a risk factor for urinary tract infections (UTIs)?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate for managing urinary incontinence?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A client with CKD who is on hemodialysis asks for a snack in the afternoon. The patient's potassium level is elevated. Which of the following foods could be given? Select all that apply.

Which of the following is a risk factor for urinary tract infection (UTI)?