Which of the following is a common cause of urinary incontinence?

Weak pelvic floor muscles

Excessive fluid intake

Poor perineal care after stool incontinence

High levels of bladder pressure.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice a reason: Weak pelvic floor muscles are a common cause of urinary incontinence. These muscles support the bladder and urethra, and when they are weakened, it can lead to involuntary leakage of urine, especially during activities that increase abdominal pressure, such as coughing, sneezing, or lifting. Strengthening these muscles through exercises like Kegels can help improve urinary control.
Choice b reason: Excessive fluid intake can lead to increased urine production and a higher frequency of urination, but it is not a direct cause of urinary incontinence. Proper hydration is important for overall health, and excessive fluid intake alone does not weaken the mechanisms that control urine flow.
Choice c reason: Poor perineal care after stool incontinence can lead to infections and skin irritation but is not a direct cause of urinary incontinence. Maintaining good hygiene is crucial for preventing complications and infections, but it does not impact the muscular control of the bladder and urethra.
Choice d reason: High levels of bladder pressure can contribute to urgency and frequency but are not typically classified as a common cause of urinary incontinence. Conditions that lead to increased bladder pressure, such as bladder obstruction or overactive bladder, may result in symptoms that overlap with incontinence, but they are distinct in their causes and management.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice a reason: Straining all urine is an essential intervention for a patient with a kidney stone. This practice allows for the collection and analysis of any stones that pass, which can help determine their composition and guide future treatment and dietary recommendations. Identifying the type of stone is crucial for preventing recurrence.
Choice b reason: Restricting fluids is not recommended for patients with kidney stones. In fact, increasing fluid intake is encouraged to help flush out the urinary system, promote the passage of stones, and prevent the formation of new stones. Adequate hydration is a key component in managing and preventing kidney stones.
Choice c reason: Increasing calcium intake is not typically advised for patients with kidney stones, especially calcium oxalate stones. While calcium is an essential nutrient, excessive intake can contribute to stone formation. Dietary recommendations should be individualized based on the type of stones and the patient's overall health.
Choice d reason: Maintaining bedrest is not necessary for patients with kidney stones. Encouraging movement and activity can help facilitate the passage of stones. Bedrest may be recommended in specific cases where the patient is experiencing severe pain or complications, but generally, mobility is beneficial in managing kidney stones.

A. Chest congestion B. Fever C. Abdominal pain D. Increased urinary frequency

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice a reason: Chest congestion is not a sign of cystitis. Chest congestion is typically associated with respiratory conditions, such as bronchitis or pneumonia, and involves the buildup of mucus in the lungs. Cystitis affects the urinary bladder, not the respiratory system.
Choice b reason: Fever can sometimes accompany cystitis, especially if the infection is severe or has spread to the kidneys (pyelonephritis). However, it is not the most common symptom of cystitis. The primary signs and symptoms of cystitis are related to the urinary tract.
Choice c reason: Abdominal pain can be a symptom of cystitis, particularly pain in the lower abdomen or pelvic region. This pain is due to inflammation and irritation of the bladder lining. While it is a common symptom, it is not the definitive sign of cystitis.
Choice d reason: Increased urinary frequency is a hallmark sign of cystitis. Patients with cystitis often feel the need to urinate more frequently than usual, even if the bladder is not full. This symptom is due to the irritation and inflammation of the bladder, leading to a persistent urge to urinate. Other symptoms that typically accompany this include a burning sensation during urination and urgency.

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Which of the following is a common cause of urinary incontinence?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is planning care for a patient who is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of a kidney stone. Which of the following interventions would the nurse implement?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which of the following is a sign of cystitis?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Which of the following is a common sign and symptom of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

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