Which of the following is a common cause of urinary incontinence?

Weak pelvic floor muscles

Excessive fluid intake

Poor perineal care after stool incontinence

High levels of bladder pressure.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice a reason: Weak pelvic floor muscles are a common cause of urinary incontinence. These muscles support the bladder and urethra, and when they are weakened, it can lead to involuntary leakage of urine, especially during activities that increase abdominal pressure, such as coughing, sneezing, or lifting. Strengthening these muscles through exercises like Kegels can help improve urinary control.
Choice b reason: Excessive fluid intake can lead to increased urine production and a higher frequency of urination, but it is not a direct cause of urinary incontinence. Proper hydration is important for overall health, and excessive fluid intake alone does not weaken the mechanisms that control urine flow.
Choice c reason: Poor perineal care after stool incontinence can lead to infections and skin irritation but is not a direct cause of urinary incontinence. Maintaining good hygiene is crucial for preventing complications and infections, but it does not impact the muscular control of the bladder and urethra.
Choice d reason: High levels of bladder pressure can contribute to urgency and frequency but are not typically classified as a common cause of urinary incontinence. Conditions that lead to increased bladder pressure, such as bladder obstruction or overactive bladder, may result in symptoms that overlap with incontinence, but they are distinct in their causes and management.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice a reason: Starting the flow of urine before passing the container under the stream to collect the specimen is an appropriate instruction. This technique is recommended to ensure that the initial part of the urine, which may contain contaminants from the urethral opening, is not collected. By allowing the first part of the urine to flow into the toilet, the midstream portion is considered cleaner and more representative for diagnostic testing.
Choice b reason: Removing the specimen container before stopping the stream of urine is also an appropriate instruction. This helps to ensure that only the midstream portion of the urine is collected, minimizing the risk of contamination from the skin or other surfaces. It also prevents the urine from splashing or overflowing, which could potentially contaminate the sample or the surrounding area.
Choice c reason: Using the provided towelette to cleanse the area by moving in a back-and-forth motion is incorrect and requires intervention. The proper technique for cleansing the area involves using the towelette to wipe from front to back in a single, continuous motion. This helps to reduce the risk of introducing bacteria from the perineal area into the urinary tract, which can lead to inaccurate test results or urinary tract infections.
Choice d reason: Instructing the client to use their non-dominant hand to spread the labia is an appropriate instruction. This technique helps to ensure that the urinary meatus is exposed and that the urine flows directly into the specimen container. Using the non-dominant hand allows the dominant hand to be used for holding and positioning the specimen container, making the process more manageable and reducing the risk of contamination.

A. Cleanse the area with hot water and soap B. Avoid using any type of moisturizer or lotion on the skin C. Apply a protective barrier cream or paste around the stoma D. Use adhesive tape to tightly secure the ostomy bag

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice a reason: Cleansing the area with hot water and soap is not recommended for managing skin irritation around the stoma. Hot water can further irritate the skin and soap may strip away natural oils, exacerbating the irritation. The skin around the stoma is sensitive and requires gentle care with mild cleansers and lukewarm water to prevent further irritation and damage.
Choice b reason: Avoiding the use of any type of moisturizer or lotion on the skin is not appropriate for managing skin irritation around the stoma. While certain products might not be suitable, using a proper moisturizer can help to soothe and protect the irritated skin. It's essential to choose a skin-compatible product designed for use around stomas to maintain skin health and prevent further irritation.
Choice c reason: Applying a protective barrier cream or paste around the stoma is the most appropriate intervention for managing skin irritation. These products create a protective layer between the skin and the ostomy appliance, reducing friction and irritation. They help to maintain the integrity of the skin, promote healing, and prevent further complications. Barrier creams and pastes are specifically formulated for use around stomas and are effective in protecting sensitive skin.
Choice d reason: Using adhesive tape to tightly secure the ostomy bag is not recommended for managing skin irritation around the stoma. Tightly applied adhesive tape can cause additional pressure and irritation to the already sensitive skin. Instead, it is better to use an ostomy appliance that fits well and is designed to adhere gently to the skin without causing irritation or damage. Proper fitting and gentle adhesion are key to preventing skin issues around the stoma.

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Which of the following is a common cause of urinary incontinence?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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