Which of the following is a common cause of urinary incontinence?
Weak pelvic floor muscles
Excessive fluid intake
Poor perineal care after stool incontinence
High levels of bladder pressure.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice a reason: Weak pelvic floor muscles are a common cause of urinary incontinence. These muscles support the bladder and urethra, and when they are weakened, it can lead to involuntary leakage of urine, especially during activities that increase abdominal pressure, such as coughing, sneezing, or lifting. Strengthening these muscles through exercises like Kegels can help improve urinary control.
Choice b reason: Excessive fluid intake can lead to increased urine production and a higher frequency of urination, but it is not a direct cause of urinary incontinence. Proper hydration is important for overall health, and excessive fluid intake alone does not weaken the mechanisms that control urine flow.
Choice c reason: Poor perineal care after stool incontinence can lead to infections and skin irritation but is not a direct cause of urinary incontinence. Maintaining good hygiene is crucial for preventing complications and infections, but it does not impact the muscular control of the bladder and urethra.
Choice d reason: High levels of bladder pressure can contribute to urgency and frequency but are not typically classified as a common cause of urinary incontinence. Conditions that lead to increased bladder pressure, such as bladder obstruction or overactive bladder, may result in symptoms that overlap with incontinence, but they are distinct in their causes and management.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice a reason: Regular exercise is not a risk factor for urinary tract infections (UTIs). In fact, regular physical activity can contribute to overall health and well-being, including supporting a healthy immune system. There is no direct connection between exercise and an increased risk of UTIs.
Choice b reason: Drinking plenty of water is a preventive measure rather than a risk factor for UTIs. Adequate hydration helps to flush out bacteria from the urinary tract through frequent urination, reducing the likelihood of infection. Encouraging good hydration is an important strategy to prevent UTIs.
Choice c reason: Eating a balanced diet is beneficial for overall health and does not increase the risk of UTIs. A well-balanced diet supports the immune system and overall bodily functions, which can help in preventing infections, including UTIs. Proper nutrition is not associated with an increased risk of urinary tract infections.
Choice d reason: Poor personal hygiene is a significant risk factor for urinary tract infections. Inadequate hygiene practices, such as not cleaning the genital area properly or wiping from back to front after using the toilet, can introduce bacteria into the urinary tract, leading to infection. Ensuring good personal hygiene is crucial in preventing UTIs.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice a reason: Fluid restriction is often implemented in earlier stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to help manage fluid balance and prevent complications such as edema and hypertension. It is not unique to stage 5 CKD and is a common intervention across various stages of the disease.
Choice b reason: Antihypertension medications are commonly used in all stages of CKD to control blood pressure and slow the progression of kidney damage. Hypertension management is crucial throughout the disease process and is not specific to stage 5 CKD.
Choice c reason: Dialysis or kidney transplant becomes necessary at stage 5 CKD, also known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD). At this stage, the kidneys are no longer able to perform their essential functions, and renal replacement therapy is required to sustain life. This treatment is not needed in earlier stages of CKD, making it specific to stage 5.
Choice d reason: A low sodium diet is recommended at various stages of CKD to help control blood pressure and reduce the risk of fluid retention. It is not a new intervention for stage 5 CKD and is part of the overall dietary management throughout the disease course.
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