The patient with osteoporosis had a spontaneous hip fracture. How would the nurse document this type of fracture?

Open fracture

Pathologic fracture

Oblique fracture

Greenstick fracture

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: An open fracture involves bone piercing the skin, exposing it to the environment, often from high-impact trauma. Osteoporosis causes weakened bones, but a spontaneous hip fracture typically occurs without external trauma or skin breach. This term does not apply, as the fracture results from underlying bone pathology, not an open wound.

Choice B reason: A pathologic fracture occurs in diseased bone, such as in osteoporosis, where reduced bone density causes fragility. A spontaneous hip fracture in this context results from minimal or no trauma, reflecting the weakened bone structure. This documentation accurately describes the fracture’s etiology, linking it to the underlying condition of osteoporosis.

Choice C reason: An oblique fracture describes a diagonal break across the bone, typically from twisting forces. While possible in osteoporosis, the term does not address the spontaneous nature or underlying bone weakness. Pathologic fracture is more specific, as it indicates the fracture’s cause, not just its physical pattern.

Choice D reason: A greenstick fracture is an incomplete break, common in children due to flexible bones, where the bone bends and partially fractures. Osteoporotic hip fractures in adults are typically complete due to brittle bones. This term is inappropriate, as it does not reflect the pathology or spontaneous nature of the injury.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Alcohol, particularly beer and liquor, triggers gout attacks by increasing uric acid production and reducing renal excretion. Ethanol metabolism raises purine breakdown, elevating serum urate levels, while dehydration from alcohol exacerbates crystal formation in joints. Avoiding alcohol is a key dietary recommendation to prevent acute gout flares.

Choice B reason: Orange juice, rich in vitamin C, may lower uric acid levels by enhancing renal excretion. It is not a trigger for gout attacks and is generally safe. Fructose in some juices can increase uric acid, but orange juice’s effect is minimal, making this an incorrect choice.

Choice C reason: Milk and dairy products are low in purines and may reduce gout risk by promoting uric acid excretion. Calcium and casein in milk have uricosuric effects, making it a beneficial beverage. Milk does not trigger attacks, so this choice is incorrect for gout management.

Choice D reason: Coffee, containing caffeine and polyphenols, may lower uric acid levels and gout risk through antioxidant effects and increased urate excretion. It is not a trigger for attacks and is generally safe for gout patients, making this an incorrect choice for dietary restrictions.

A. Increase the client’s protein intake. B. Administer antibiotics to the client C. Teach relaxation breathing to reduce the client’s pain. D. Provide the client with antipyretic therapy.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

priority. Protein aids long-term recovery by promoting bone healing, but infection control is critical to prevent systemic spread or bone necrosis. Nutritional support is secondary to addressing the acute bacterial infection driving the condition.

Choice B reason: Administering antibiotics is the priority in acute osteomyelitis, a bacterial bone infection (often Staphylococcus aureus). Prompt antibiotics target the infection, preventing sepsis, abscess formation, or chronic osteomyelitis. Delaying treatment risks bone destruction and systemic complications, making timely antibiotic administration essential to control the infection and preserve bone integrity.

Choice C reason: Teaching relaxation breathing reduces pain perception by calming the nervous system but does not address the underlying infection in osteomyelitis. Pain management is important but secondary to antibiotics, which target the bacterial cause. Without infection control, pain will persist, and complications like bone damage may worsen.

Choice D reason: Providing antipyretic therapy manages fever, a symptom of osteomyelitis, but does not treat the infection itself. Fever reflects the body’s immune response to bacteria, and while comfort is important, antibiotics are the priority to eradicate the pathogen, preventing progression to sepsis or chronic bone infection.

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The patient with osteoporosis had a spontaneous hip fracture. How would the nurse document this type of fracture?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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