The patient with osteoporosis had a spontaneous hip fracture. How would the nurse document this type of fracture?
Open fracture
Pathologic fracture
Oblique fracture
Greenstick fracture
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: An open fracture involves bone piercing the skin, exposing it to the environment, often from high-impact trauma. Osteoporosis causes weakened bones, but a spontaneous hip fracture typically occurs without external trauma or skin breach. This term does not apply, as the fracture results from underlying bone pathology, not an open wound.
Choice B reason: A pathologic fracture occurs in diseased bone, such as in osteoporosis, where reduced bone density causes fragility. A spontaneous hip fracture in this context results from minimal or no trauma, reflecting the weakened bone structure. This documentation accurately describes the fracture’s etiology, linking it to the underlying condition of osteoporosis.
Choice C reason: An oblique fracture describes a diagonal break across the bone, typically from twisting forces. While possible in osteoporosis, the term does not address the spontaneous nature or underlying bone weakness. Pathologic fracture is more specific, as it indicates the fracture’s cause, not just its physical pattern.
Choice D reason: A greenstick fracture is an incomplete break, common in children due to flexible bones, where the bone bends and partially fractures. Osteoporotic hip fractures in adults are typically complete due to brittle bones. This term is inappropriate, as it does not reflect the pathology or spontaneous nature of the injury.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Zolpidem, a sedative-hypnotic, treats insomnia by enhancing GABA activity in the brain. It has no role in gout management, as it does not address uric acid levels, inflammation, or pain associated with gouty arthritis. Administering it would be irrelevant and fail to target the underlying pathophysiology of gout.
Choice B reason: Alprazolam, a benzodiazepine, manages anxiety by depressing central nervous system activity. It does not affect uric acid metabolism or inflammation in gout. Using it for gout is inappropriate, as it lacks anti-inflammatory or urate-lowering properties, offering no therapeutic benefit for the condition.
Choice C reason: Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor that reduces uric acid production, preventing gout attacks. It is a first-line medication for chronic gout management, lowering serum urate levels to prevent crystal formation in joints. The nurse should prepare to administer it to address the client’s hyperuricemia effectively.
Choice D reason: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, treats hypertension and edema by antagonizing aldosterone. It has no direct effect on uric acid levels or gout inflammation. Its use could even increase uric acid reabsorption, potentially worsening gout, making it an inappropriate choice for this client.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Fasciotomy is the primary surgical treatment for compartment syndrome, where increased intracompartmental pressure threatens muscle and nerve viability. Incising the fascia relieves pressure, restoring perfusion and preventing necrosis. Prompt preparation for fasciotomy is critical to salvage tissue, avoiding permanent damage or amputation in acute cases from trauma or fractures.
Choice B reason: Internal fixation, used for fracture stabilization, does not address compartment syndrome’s urgent pressure buildup. While fractures may contribute to the condition, fasciotomy is prioritized to relieve pressure. Expecting fixation misguides preparation, risking delayed decompression, which could lead to muscle necrosis, nerve damage, or limb loss.
Choice C reason: Tendon release is not a treatment for compartment syndrome, which involves fascial compartment pressure, not tendon pathology. Fasciotomy targets fascia to relieve pressure. Assuming tendon release misdirects surgical preparation, delaying critical intervention and increasing risks of irreversible tissue damage, chronic pain, or functional loss.
Choice D reason: Amputation is a last resort for compartment syndrome, used only if fasciotomy fails or necrosis is irreversible. Preparing for amputation first overlooks fasciotomy’s potential to save the limb. This assumption risks unnecessary limb loss, misaligning with urgent decompression to restore perfusion and preserve function in acute cases.
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