The personality structures of id, ego and supergo were described by

A. A condition caused by genetic factors that affects mental health stability: This describes a genetic predisposition to mental health issues, not a maturational crisis.
B. A severe mental illness that requires long-term psychiatric treatment: A maturational crisis is temporary and not necessarily severe or requiring long-term treatment.
C. A temporary state of emotional turmoil and confusion that arises during a predictable event and/or significant life transitions: Correct. This accurately describes a maturational crisis, which occurs during predictable life transitions such as adolescence.
D. A chronic condition characterized by persistent mental health issues throughout the lifespan: A maturational crisis is temporary, not chronic.

A. Giving information: This is actually a key component of therapeutic communication. It helps clients understand their situation and the care they are receiving, which can empower them and reduce anxiety.
B. Listening attentively: Active listening is fundamental to effective therapeutic communication.
C. Reflecting: Reflecting helps the client to explore their feelings and thoughts.
D. Offering advice: Offering advice can create a barrier because it may come across as judgmental or directive, rather than supportive. It can also undermine the client’s autonomy and ability to make their own decisions. Therapeutic communication focuses on listening, understanding, and reflecting the client’s feelings and experiences.