Choice A rationale

Sildenafil, commonly known as Viagra, is a medication used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. One of the side effects of sildenafil is visual changes. These changes can be temporary or long-lasting, and can potentially be a sign of a serious condition known as non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), which can lead to permanent vision loss. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to report these symptoms to the healthcare provider immediately for further evaluation and management.

Choice B rationale

While eye drops can be used to treat various eye conditions, they are not typically used to address visual changes caused by sildenafil. Therefore, instilling prescribed eye drops would not be the appropriate response in this situation.

Choice C rationale

Wearing dark glasses when outside can help protect the eyes from sun damage, but it would not address the underlying issue of visual changes caused by sildenafil. Therefore, this would not be the appropriate instruction for the practical nurse to give to the client.

Choice D rationale

The Amsler grid tool is used to detect vision problems resulting from damage to the macula (the central part of the retina) or the optic nerve. However, this tool would not be useful in this context as the visual changes are a side effect of sildenafil. Therefore, monitoring for visual changes each morning using an Amsler grid tool would not be the appropriate instruction for the practical nurse to give to the client.

Choice A rationale

Famotidine is a type of medication known as an H2 blocker, which decreases the amount of
acid produced in the stomach. While it can indirectly lead to better sleep by reducing
discomfort, decreased nighttime awakenings is not a direct indicator of its effectiveness.
Choice B rationale
A positive stool antigen test is used to detect the presence of certain bacteria in the
gastrointestinal tract. It is not directly related to the action of famotidine.
Choice C rationale
Weight loss is not a typical result of famotidine use. If a patient experiences significant weight
loss, other causes should be investigated.
Choice D rationale
Famotidine is used to treat conditions like ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and
conditions where the stomach produces too much acid, like Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
Reduced epigastric pain indicates that the medication is effectively reducing stomach acid and
therefore, alleviating symptoms.