The public health nurse is working with a type 2 diabetic and is providing education on the importance of using a helmet while riding a bicycle for exercise. This is an example of which level of prevention?

Choice A reason: Media campaigns for funds prioritize beneficence but ignore autonomy. The family’s informed choice to decline reflects resource allocation ethics, not public appeal needs. This risks overriding their values, potentially causing psychological stress without addressing systemic healthcare access issues directly.

Choice B reason: Forcing free care on the agency emphasizes beneficence over justice, straining resources unfairly. It dismisses the family’s autonomous, informed decision, potentially disrupting equitable care distribution and undermining ethical balance between individual needs and broader healthcare system sustainability concerns comprehensively.

Choice C reason: Respecting the family’s informed choice upholds autonomy, a core ethical principle. If they’ve weighed costs against benefits, like preserving resources for dependents, non-interference aligns with patient-centered care, avoiding paternalism while acknowledging their right to self-determination in health decisions fully.

Choice D reason: Insisting on rights to care and fundraising pressures the family, violating autonomy. It imposes a societal duty over their informed choice, potentially exacerbating financial strain and guilt, ignoring ethical nuance of resource allocation within familial and personal health priorities entirely.

Choice A reason: Primary prevents disease; helmet use manages diabetes complications. This errors per public health standards. It’s universally distinct, pre-disease focus.

Choice B reason: Secondary screens; helmet education aids existing diabetes. This misaligns with nursing definitions. It’s universally distinct, not detection-based.

Choice C reason: Tertiary prevents complications in diagnosed diabetics, like injury. This fits public health standards. It’s universally applied, distinctly post-diagnosis care.

Choice D reason: Policy isn’t prevention; helmet use is tertiary. This errors per nursing standards. It’s universally distinct, not a prevention level.