A nurse is investigating a bacterial illness that has caused a health problem in the community. Only some of the people exposed to the bacteria have become ill. Which of the following factors best explains why this would have happened?

Successful interaction among the agent, host, and environment.

Environmental factors

Physical agent factors

Chemical agent factors

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Successful interaction among the agent, host, and environment: The epidemiologic triad explains disease occurrence through the interaction of an agent (bacteria), a host (individual susceptibility), and the environment (conditions favoring disease transmission).

B. Environmental factors: While environmental factors contribute to disease spread, they alone do not explain why only some people become ill. Host susceptibility also plays a role.

C. Physical agent factors: Physical agents refer to non-living causes of disease (e.g., radiation, trauma), which are unrelated to bacterial infections.

D. Chemical agent factors: Chemical agents (e.g., toxins, pollutants) do not explain bacterial infections, which are caused by biological agents.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Veracity: Veracity refers to truthfulness and honesty. The nurse is ethically obligated to report medication errors, regardless of whether harm occurred. Failing to complete an incident report violates this principle.

B. Autonomy: Autonomy refers to respecting a client's right to make informed decisions. This situation involves an error in practice, not a violation of client autonomy.

C. Beneficence: Beneficence refers to promoting the well-being of clients. While not reporting the error may seem like an attempt to avoid unnecessary distress, it is more directly a violation of veracity.

D. Confidentiality: Confidentiality involves protecting a client’s private health information. The failure to report a medication error does not violate confidentiality but does compromise transparency and accountability.

A. Being bitten by an infected mosquito B. A group of partygoers hugging and shaking hands C. Disease spreading from infected mother to infant via the placenta D. Two persons, one of whom is infected, sharing a glass of soda

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Being bitten by an infected mosquito: A vector is an organism (e.g., a mosquito, tick, or flea) that transmits pathogens from one host to another. Mosquitoes transmit diseases like malaria, dengue fever, and Zika virus.

B. A group of partygoers hugging and shaking hands: This describes direct contact transmission, not vector-borne transmission.

C. Disease spreading from infected mother to infant via the placenta: This describes vertical transmission (from mother to child during pregnancy), not vector-borne transmission.

D. Two persons, one of whom is infected, sharing a glass of soda: This describes indirect contact transmission through fomites (contaminated objects), not vector-borne transmission.

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A nurse is investigating a bacterial illness that has caused a health problem in the community. Only some of the people exposed to the bacteria have become ill. Which of the following factors best explains why this would have happened?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which of the following best represents an example of infectious disease spreading via a vector?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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