The regulation of sodium
involves hypothalamic osmoreceptor detection of ion concentration
is due to specific sodium receptors in the hypothalamus
is linked to blood pressure
involves aldosterone, a hormone that increases sodium excretion in the kidneys
The Correct Answer is C
A. Involves hypothalamic osmoreceptor detection of ion concentration: Osmoreceptors detect osmolarity (solute concentration), not specifically sodium regulation.
B. Is due to specific sodium receptors in the hypothalamus: There are no specific sodium receptors; sodium regulation is largely hormonal.
C. Is linked to blood pressure: Sodium levels affect blood volume and pressure through water retention. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) helps regulate both sodium and blood pressure.
D. Involves aldosterone, a hormone that increases sodium excretion in the kidneys: Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption, not excretion.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Nitrogen: Nitrogen is a gas and a component of proteins and nucleic acids, but it does not function as a buffer system in the body.
B. Bicarbonate: The bicarbonate buffer system is the primary buffer system in the extracellular fluid, regulating blood pH.
C. Phosphate: The phosphate buffer system operates mainly in the intracellular fluid and renal tubules.
D. Protein: Proteins, especially hemoglobin, act as buffers by binding or releasing hydrogen ions.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The kidneys are retroperitoneal: Kidneys lie behind the peritoneum, making them retroperitoneal organs.
B. The ureters connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder: The ureters transport urine from each kidney to the bladder.
C. The urethra of males is longer than the urethra of females: The male urethra is significantly longer, due to its passage through the penis.
D. The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity: This is incorrect-the right kidney is lower than the left due to the position of the liver. Also, kidneys are located in the upper abdomen, not the pelvic cavity.
E. The right kidney is located more inferiorly than the left kidney: True-the right kidney lies lower than the left because of the liver's size.
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