The wife of a patient who has deterioration in memory asks the nurse whether her husband has Alzheimer's Disease. The nurse explains that a diagnosis of AD is usually made when what happens?

Blood analysis reveals increased amounts of B-amyloid protein

A CT scan of the brain shows brain atrophy

All other possible causes of dementia have been eliminated

A urine test shows high levels of isoprostanes.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A: "Blood analysis reveals increased amounts of B-amyloid protein." While the presence of B-amyloid protein is associated with Alzheimer's Disease (AD), blood tests for B-amyloid are not currently used for diagnostic purposes. The diagnosis of AD is more complex and involves a thorough clinical assessment.
B: "A CT scan of the brain shows brain atrophy." Brain atrophy can be observed in AD, but it is not definitive for diagnosis. Atrophy can occur in various forms of dementia and other neurological conditions. A CT scan alone cannot confirm Alzheimer's Disease.
C: "All other possible causes of dementia have been eliminated." A diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease is typically made when other potential causes of dementia, such as vitamin deficiencies, thyroid problems, or other neurodegenerative diseases, have been ruled out through comprehensive evaluation. This ensures that the cognitive decline is specifically attributable to Alzheimer's.
D: "A urine test shows high levels of isoprostanes." Isoprostanes are markers of oxidative stress but are not used in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease. There are no standard urine tests that can confirm AD, making this option irrelevant in the context of diagnosing the condition.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. This type of multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by periods of symptom exacerbation (relapses) followed by periods of remission, where symptoms partially or completely resolve. It is the most common form of MS, accounting for approximately 85% of initial MS diagnoses. The client’s report of active symptoms followed by symptom-free periods is consistent with this pattern.
B. Clinically isolated syndrome. This term refers to a single episode of neurological symptoms lasting at least 24 hours, without prior episodes. While some individuals with clinically isolated syndrome later develop MS, the presence of multiple episodes in the client’s history suggests an established MS diagnosis rather than an isolated event.
C. Primary progressive multiple sclerosis. This form of MS involves a gradual, continuous worsening of symptoms from the onset of the disease, without distinct relapses or remissions. The client’s history of symptom-free periods makes this diagnosis unlikely.
D. Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. This type begins as relapsing-remitting MS but eventually transitions into a progressive form with a steady decline and fewer remissions. Since the client still experiences distinct remissions, the disease has not yet progressed to this stage.

Correct Answer is ["2"]

Explanation

Number of tablets = Desired dose (mg) / Available dose (mg/tablet)

= 650 mg / 325 mg/tablet

= 2 tablets

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The wife of a patient who has deterioration in memory asks the nurse whether her husband has Alzheimer's Disease. The nurse explains that a diagnosis of AD is usually made when what happens?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has multiple sclerosis. The client reports that, since the onset of the disease, there are times when their symptoms are active and then followed by a period with no symptoms. Which of the following types of multiple sclerosis does this pattern indicate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer aspirin 650 mg PO every 12 hr. The amount available is aspirin 325 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["2"]

Explanation

A client has idiopathic parkinsonism. Her physician prescribed benztropine mesylate (Cogentin) 1 mg po daily. The nurse explains to her that the pathophysiological defect is an imbalance between:

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A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. On which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to instruct the client?

When obtaining a health history and physical assessment for a 36-yr-old female patient with possible multiple sclerosis (MS), the nurse should

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