To achieve the outcome of fall prevention at home in the client diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease (PD), which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care?
Arrange for social service consult for assistance with medication purchase
Have the client seen by a nursing assistant 3 times a week for hygiene
Ensure adequate lighting in areas where the client will ambulate
Reter the client to a nutritionist to address dietary measures
The Correct Answer is C
A) Arrange for social service consult for assistance with medication purchase:
While arranging for social service support can be beneficial in ensuring the client has access to necessary medications, this is not directly related to fall prevention at home. Falls in Parkinson's disease are more closely associated with mobility, balance, and environmental factors, which should be the focus of interventions aimed at reducing fall risk. Medication access is important but secondary to safety measures related to physical environment and mobility.
B) Have the client seen by a nursing assistant 3 times a week for hygiene:
While assistance with hygiene can certainly help support the client’s daily needs, the frequency of visits for hygiene care alone does not specifically address fall prevention. Falls are more directly linked to issues such as impaired balance, freezing episodes, and poor mobility—issues that should be addressed through environmental modifications and specific interventions aimed at improving safety during ambulation and transfers.
C) Ensure adequate lighting in areas where the client will ambulate:
Ensuring adequate lighting in areas where the client will ambulate is a critical intervention for fall prevention in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease often causes balance and coordination problems, and inadequate lighting can increase the risk of tripping or falling, especially at night or in poorly lit areas. Proper lighting helps the client see obstacles and navigate their environment safely. This intervention directly addresses a key factor in fall risk and is an important part of the plan of care.
D) Refer the client to a nutritionist to address dietary measures:
Referral to a nutritionist can be helpful in managing some aspects of Parkinson's disease, particularly for addressing issues like constipation, weight management, or dysphagia. However, dietary measures do not have a direct impact on fall prevention. Fall prevention should focus more on mobility, strength, environmental safety, and managing the symptoms of Parkinson's disease that affect balance and movement.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Tizanidine is a sleep aid and used to promote sleep along with melatonin:
This is incorrect. Tizanidine is not classified as a sleep aid. While muscle relaxants like tizanidine may cause drowsiness as a side effect, its primary purpose is to reduce muscle spasms rather than to promote sleep. Using it in combination with melatonin for sleep would not be appropriate unless specifically prescribed by a healthcare provider.
B. Tizanidine is a muscle relaxant medication used to reduce muscle spasms:
Tizanidine is a centrally acting muscle relaxant that is commonly used to treat muscle spasms and spasticity. In clients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), spasticity can be a significant symptom, leading to muscle stiffness and discomfort. Tizanidine helps by relaxing the muscles and alleviating the muscle tightness associated with ALS. It works by inhibiting nerve impulses that cause muscles to contract, thus reducing spasticity and improving mobility. This medication is not intended for sleep promotion or pain relief directly, but rather to manage muscle spasms.
C. Tizanidine is an antibiotic medication used to treat bacterial infections:
This is incorrect. Tizanidine is not an antibiotic and has no role in treating bacterial infections. It is a muscle relaxant used for managing spasticity, not an antimicrobial drug.
D. Tizanidine is an opiate and is used to relieve severe pain:
This is incorrect. Tizanidine is not an opiate and does not belong to the class of opioids. It does not have the pain-relieving effects of opioid analgesics. While it may provide some relief from muscle discomfort, it is not used to treat severe pain in the way opiates like morphine or oxycodone are. Tizanidine’s primary purpose is to address muscle spasticity, not pain management.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. A systolic murmur: A systolic murmur is often associated with valvular heart disease, particularly mitral regurgitation, which can sometimes result from papillary muscle dysfunction after a myocardial infarction. However, a systolic murmur is not a typical or immediate complication following an anterior-lateral wall MI. The focus in the early hours after an MI should be on more acute complications, such as dysrhythmias and hemodynamic stability, rather than a murmur, which may develop more gradually over time.
B. Ventricular dysrhythmias: Ventricular dysrhythmias are one of the most common and life-threatening complications in the immediate hours following an acute myocardial infarction (MI), especially with an anterior-lateral wall MI. These dysrhythmias occur due to the electrical disturbances caused by myocardial injury and ischemia. The heart muscle becomes more susceptible to abnormal electrical activity after the infarction, and monitoring for ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation is crucial. These arrhythmias can lead to sudden cardiac arrest, which is why they are a high priority for monitoring in the immediate post-MI period.
C. A pericardial friction rub: A pericardial friction rub is a sign of pericarditis, which can occur after an MI, particularly several days to a week later, rather than in the immediate post-MI period. While pericarditis is a possible complication of MI, it is less likely to present immediately after the infarction, especially in the first few hours. The nurse should monitor for pericarditis, but it is not as high a priority as dysrhythmias during the first hours after MI.
D. Renal insufficiency: While renal insufficiency can develop as a result of poor perfusion or shock following a myocardial infarction, it is not one of the most immediate or common complications to watch for in the first hours after an anterior-lateral MI. The primary concern in this acute phase is monitoring for cardiovascular complications, such as dysrhythmias, rather than renal function. Renal insufficiency would be a secondary concern, particularly if the patient is hypotensive or experiencing other signs of multi-organ involvement.
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