Two clients have been in a similar motor vehicle accident, and have similar injuries. The nurse observes each client's different responses to this stressor. The nurse understands that the degree of stress each client experiences from the crash may be influenced by their: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

health status prior to the accident.

different ages.

external resources.

individual problem-solving skills.

personalities.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E

A. The health status prior to the accident can influence how individuals respond to stress. Clients with pre-existing medical conditions, chronic pain, or disabilities may experience increased stress due to concerns about exacerbation of their conditions, recovery, or long-term consequences. Therefore, health status prior to the accident can impact the degree of stress experienced.
B. Age can influence individuals' coping mechanisms and resilience in response to stress. Younger individuals may have less life experience and coping skills, while older individuals may have accumulated more experience and developed better coping strategies over time. Additionally, age-related factors such as physical resilience and social support networks can affect how individuals respond to stressors. Therefore, different ages can influence the degree of stress experienced.
C. External resources such as social support networks, access to healthcare, financial stability, and community resources can significantly impact individuals' ability to cope with stress. Clients with strong support systems, adequate access to medical care, and financial security may experience lower levels of stress compared to those lacking these resources. Therefore, external resources can influence the degree of stress experienced.
D. Individual problem-solving skills play a crucial role in how individuals perceive and manage stressful situations. Clients with strong problem-solving skills may feel more confident in their ability to address challenges and may experience lower levels of stress. Conversely, clients with limited problem-solving skills may feel overwhelmed and experience higher levels of stress. Therefore, individual problem- solving skills can influence the degree of stress experienced.
E. Personality traits such as resilience, optimism, neuroticism, and coping styles can impact how individuals respond to stressors. For example, individuals with resilient personalities and positive coping styles may adapt more effectively to stressors and experience lower levels of stress. Conversely, individuals with neurotic personalities or maladaptive coping styles may be more prone to experiencing heightened stress levels. Therefore, personalities can influence the degree of stress experienced.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

A. Enteral nutrition can be used when a client is unable to consume adequate nutrition orally or when oral intake is contraindicated. It can be used as a supplement to oral intake or as the sole source of nutrition, depending on the client's condition and nutritional needs.
C. Enteral nutrition can be administered either intermittently, where feedings are given at specific times throughout the day, or continuously, where a steady infusion is delivered over an extended period, typically 16 to 24 hours. The method of administration depends on the client's tolerance, nutritional needs, and clinical condition.
B. Enteral nutrition typically consists of liquid formulas specifically designed to provide complete and balanced nutrition. These formulas come in various formulations, including standard polymeric formulas, high-protein formulas, elemental formulas, and disease-specific formulas. They are not thinned pureed food, which is typically used for clients with dysphagia or swallowing difficulties who are receiving oral feeding.
D. While some enteral nutrition formulas may contain dairy-based ingredients, such as milk protein or lactose, not all enteral formulas are milk-based. There are various types of enteral formulas available, including those that are lactose-free, soy-based, or elemental (containing predigested nutrients), to accommodate different dietary preferences and tolerances.
E. Enteral nutrition is administered directly into the gastrointestinal tract, typically through a feeding tube that is inserted into the stomach or small intestine. It is not given intravenously (through a vein), which would be parenteral nutrition.

A. metabolic alkalosis. B. respiratory alkalosis. C. metabolic acidosis. D. respiratory acidosis.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by an elevation of the bicarbonate (HCO3) levels in the blood, leading to an increase in pH above the normal range (7.35-7.45). Antacid tablets typically contain compounds such as calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, or aluminum hydroxide, which can neutralize stomach acid (hydrochloric acid). Chronic ingestion of large amounts of antacids, as in the case of this client taking approximately 15 tablets per day, can result in excessive bicarbonate intake, leading to metabolic alkalosis.
B. Respiratory alkalosis occurs when there is a decrease in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the blood, leading to an increase in pH above the normal range. Antacid tablets do not directly affect respiratory function or CO2 levels, so respiratory alkalosis is unlikely to occur as a result of antacid ingestion.
C. Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a decrease in bicarbonate (HCO3) levels in the blood, leading to a decrease in pH below the normal range. In the context of antacid ingestion, metabolic acidosis is less likely to occur. However, if the antacids contain compounds that are absorbed systemically and excreted by the kidneys (such as aluminum-containing antacids), they may lead to renal dysfunction or electrolyte imbalances, which could potentially contribute to metabolic acidosis.
D. Respiratory acidosis occurs when there is an increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the blood, leading to a decrease in pH below the normal range. Antacid tablets do not directly affect respiratory function or CO2 levels, so respiratory acidosis is unlikely to occur as a result of antacid ingestion.

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Two clients have been in a similar motor vehicle accident, and have similar injuries. The nurse observes each client's different responses to this stressor. The nurse understands that the degree of stress each client experiences from the crash may be influenced by their: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is to receive enteral nutrition. Which information should the nurse provide to the client and family? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

A client with a history of takes about 15 antacid tablets per day. The nurse understands that this client is at risk for:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Two clients have been in a similar motor vehicle accident, and have similar injuries. The nurse observes each client's different responses to this stressor. The nurse understands that the degree of stress each client experiences from the crash may be influenced by their: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

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