What are the characteristics of the oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis?

Choice A rationale

Calcitonin is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. Its primary function is to regulate calcium levels in the body, not blood glucose.

Choice B rationale

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas. It allows cells in the body to take in glucose and use it for energy. However, insulin actually lowers blood glucose levels rather than increasing them.

Choice C rationale

Glucagon is a hormone also produced by the pancreas. It works to raise blood glucose levels by stimulating the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is then released into the bloodstream.

Choice D rationale

Parathyroid hormone is produced by the parathyroid glands. Its main role is to control calcium levels in the body, not to regulate blood glucose.

Choice C rationale

Excessive thirst, increased urination, weight loss, and fatigue are all classic symptoms of diabetes mellitus, which is characterized by high blood sugar levels due to insulin deficiency or resistance (nih.gov, n.d.).

Choice A rationale

Hyperthyroidism, although it can cause weight loss, typically presents with additional symptoms such as increased heart rate, heat intolerance, and tremor (Studocu, n.d.).

Choice B rationale

Hypoglycemia typically leads to symptoms like sweating, hunger, and shakiness, often occurring in diabetic patients who take too much insulin or miss a meal (nih.gov, n.d.).

Choice D rationale

Cushing syndrome, resulting from excessive cortisol production, presents with symptoms like weight gain, thinning skin, easy bruising, and muscle weakness (nih.gov, n.d.).