Which term describes an abnormal rotation of the testes on the spermatic cord?

Choice A rationale

The oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis is characterized by fluid excess and electrolyte imbalance.

Choice B rationale

Fever and diminishing cognition are not typically characteristics of the oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis.

Choice C rationale

Magnesium and phosphorous loss in the urine is not typically a characteristic of the oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis.

Choice D rationale

Sodium retention and potassium loss in the urine are not typically characteristics of the oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis.

Choice A rationale

Stress incontinence is indeed due to physical stress on the bladder, while urge incontinence is due to an overactive bladder. Stress incontinence occurs when the urethral sphincter or pelvic floor muscles are weakened. This can happen due to various reasons such as childbirth, obesity, or prostate surgery. The term “stress” refers to the physical strain associated with leakage. On the other hand, urge incontinence is defined as a sudden involuntary contraction of the muscular wall of the bladder causing urinary urgency, an immediate unstoppable urge to urinate. This is often caused by an overactive bladder.

Choice B rationale

This statement is incorrect. Stress incontinence is not due to an overactive bladder, and urge incontinence is not due to physical stress on the bladder.

Choice C rationale

This statement is also incorrect. While neurological damage can potentially lead to various types of incontinence, it is not the primary cause of stress incontinence. Stress incontinence is primarily due to physical stress on the bladder.

Choice D rationale

This statement is incorrect. While neurological damage can potentially lead to urge incontinence, it is not the primary cause of stress incontinence. Stress incontinence is primarily due to physical stress on the bladder.