What are the clinical presentations of respiratory distress in a neonate? (Select all that apply.)

Unlabored irregular respirations

Grunting

5-second apneic periods

Nasal flaring

Use of accessory muscles

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

Choice A rationale
Unlabored irregular respirations are not typically associated with respiratory distress in a neonate. In fact, newborns naturally have irregular breathing patterns, which can range from fast and shallow to slow and deep.
Choice B rationale
Grunting is a common symptom of respiratory distress in neonates. This is an involuntary noise that a baby makes when exhaling. It’s the baby’s attempt to keep air in the lungs to help them stay open and filled with air.
Choice C rationale
While apneic periods (pauses in breathing) can occur in neonates, a 5-second pause is within the normal range. Apnea of concern in neonates, particularly those with respiratory distress, is usually defined as cessation of breathing for 20 seconds or longer, or a shorter pause if it is accompanied by a slow heart rate or low oxygen levels.
Choice D rationale
Nasal flaring, where the nostrils spread open during breathing, is another common sign of respiratory distress in neonates. It’s an indication that the baby is having to work harder to breathe.
Choice E rationale
Use of accessory muscles is a sign of respiratory distress in neonates. This means the baby is using additional muscles (other than the diaphragm and chest muscles) to breathe. This can be seen as indrawing or retractions, where the skin pulls in between the ribs or the neck sinks in with each breath.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Breastfeeding every 2 hours is actually recommended for newborns and is not a contributing factor to mastitis.
Choice B rationale
Substituting breastfeeding sessions with formula feeding can contribute to mastitis. This is because the milk that is not removed from the breast can lead to engorgement and blocked ducts, which can result in infection.
Choice C rationale
Blisters and cracks on the nipples can allow bacteria to enter the breast tissue, leading to infection and mastitis.
Choice D rationale
Alternating breastfeeding positions can help ensure that the breasts are emptied completely during each feeding, which can help prevent mastitis.

A. History of Smoking B. Exercising daily C. BMI 20% D. Age 25 years .

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Smoking has been associated with an increased risk of developing endometriosis. It is thought that certain substances found in tobacco smoke may have a role in the development or progression of endometriosis14.
Choice B rationale
Regular exercise has been associated with a decreased risk of endometriosis. Physical activity may influence the body’s production of estrogen, a hormone that is thought to play a role in endometriosis14.
Choice C rationale
A higher body mass index (BMI) has been associated with a decreased risk of endometriosis. It is thought that body fat may influence the levels of hormones such as estrogen in the body14.
Choice D rationale
Age is a risk factor for endometriosis, with the condition being more common in women in their 30s and 40s. However, endometriosis can occur in any woman who has menstrual periods14.

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What are the clinical presentations of respiratory distress in a neonate? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What factors could contribute to mastitis in a breastfeeding mother? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

A client comes to the clinic with abdominal pain. Based on her history, the nurse suspects endometriosis. When reviewing the woman’s history, the nurse would LEAST likely identify which factor as a possible risk?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Four hours after the birth of a healthy neonate of an insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetic mother, the baby appears jittery and irritable and has a high-pitched cry. What is the top priority nursing action?

Within 3 hours, the fundus becomes boggy and is located 2 cm above the umbilicus and displaced to the right in the postpartum patient. What is the priority nursing action?

Which statement made by the patient would signal to the nurse that she should not take oral contraceptives?

The nurse determines that a woman has implemented prescribed therapy for her fibrocystic breast disease when the patient reports that she has eliminated which item from her lifestyle?

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After instructing a woman on how to conduct a breast self-examination, which statement would suggest that the nurse’s instructions were effective?

Which of the following statements, if made by the patient, would indicate that the nurse’s teaching about the intrauterine device has been effective?

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