What are the four Ts as they relate to postpartum hemorrhage?

Choice A rationale

While conjunctival irritation could occur from exposure to irritants, it is not a primary concern in this case. Respiratory complications take precedence due to the risk of aspiration from meconium-stained fluid.

Choice B rationale

Rectal temperature assessment for hyperthermia is important but not critical in the immediate scenario. Respiratory distress monitoring is more urgent due to the association with meconium aspiration syndrome.

Choice C rationale

Bathing to remove meconium-stained fluid minimizes infection risk. However, respiratory assessment is more critical due to the severe pulmonary complications associated with meconium aspiration.

Choice D rationale

Meconium-stained amniotic fluid increases the risk of aspiration, leading to respiratory distress. Early respiratory evaluation prevents hypoxia, pulmonary hypertension, or pneumonitis, which are serious complications in neonates.

Choice A rationale

Surgical intervention is not the initial step for uterine atony as conservative measures, such as fundal massage, are prioritized to encourage uterine contraction and reduce bleeding.

Choice B rationale

Fundal massage stimulates uterine contraction by mechanically compressing the myometrium, which helps to constrict the spiral arteries and reduce hemorrhage caused by uterine atony.

Choice C rationale

Establishing venous access is critical for fluid resuscitation but does not directly address the underlying cause of hemorrhage, which requires mechanical or pharmacological uterine contraction.

Choice D rationale

Catheterizing the bladder can prevent displacement of the uterus but does not directly address uterine atony. An empty bladder supports fundal massage by allowing proper uterine positioning.