What causes a higher stroke volume?
Increased afterload
Decreased heart contractility
Increased preload
Decreased blood pressure
The Correct Answer is C
A. Increased afterload: Increased afterload, the resistance the heart must overcome to eject blood, typically reduces stroke volume because the heart has to work harder to push blood against higher pressure.
B. Decreased heart contractility: This would reduce stroke volume, as the heart would be less effective at pumping blood.
C. Increased preload: Preload refers to the volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole. An increased preload stretches the heart muscle, which typically leads to a stronger contraction and higher stroke volume.
D. Decreased blood pressure: While low blood pressure may reduce afterload, it doesn't directly increase stroke volume unless other factors are at play.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Urinary Bladder: The urinary bladder is composed of smooth muscle, including the detrusor muscle, which contracts to expel urine during urination. The detrusor muscle allows the bladder to stretch as it fills with urine and contract when it's time to empty.
B. Ureter: The ureters are muscular tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder but do not contain detrusor muscle. They have a different type of smooth muscle that aids in peristalsis.
C. Renal Artery: The renal artery is a blood vessel that supplies blood to the kidneys and does not contain muscle tissue like the detrusor muscle.
D. Kidney: The kidneys are organs that filter blood to produce urine but do not contain detrusor muscle. They consist mainly of nephron structures for filtration and reabsorption.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. It is the air in the lungs after maximal inhalation: Total lung capacity (TLC) refers to the total amount of air the lungs can hold after maximum inhalation.
B. It is the quantity of air that a person can move into or out of the lungs: This defines vital capacity, not total lung capacity.
C. It is the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a normal tidal expiration: This describes functional residual capacity, not TLC.
D. It is the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled from the lungs after maximum inhalation: This is the definition of vital capacity (VC), not total lung capacity.
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