What changes occur as the respiratory tract branches into smaller and smaller tubes?
Their epithelial lining changes to connective tissue.
Their epithelial lining becomes thinner.
They have relatively thicker epithelial lining.
They have relatively more cartilage.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Their epithelial lining changes to connective tissue. -The lining transitions from pseudostratified ciliated columnar to cuboidal to simple squamous, but never connective tissue.
B. Their epithelial lining becomes thinner. -This thinning allows efficient gas exchange at the alveolar level.
C. They have relatively thicker epithelial lining. -The epithelium actually becomes progressively thinner.
D. They have relatively more cartilage. -Cartilage decreases as bronchi branch into bronchioles, disappearing entirely in terminal bronchioles.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Pulmonary veins: pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atrium, not out of the left ventricle.
B. Superior vena cava: the superior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the right atrium, not from the left ventricle.
C. Pulmonary trunk: the pulmonary trunk arises from the right ventricle and carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
D. Aorta: the aorta is the large artery that emerges from the left ventricle and distributes oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. They are secreted in an inactive form: major proteases of the GI tract (pepsinogen, trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, etc.) are secreted as zymogens (inactive precursors) to prevent autodigestion.
B. They are activated by HCl: pepsinogen is activated by HCl, but pancreatic proteases are activated by trypsin, not HCl, so this is not true for all protein-digesting enzymes.
C. They are secreted by the pancreas: many proteases (e.g., pepsin) are secreted by the stomach, so not all are pancreatic.
D. Their release is stimulated by enterokinase: enterokinase (enteropeptidase) activates trypsinogen to trypsin in the small intestine but does not stimulate the release of all proteases; it is an activator, not a universal release stimulus.
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