What characteristic manifestation does the nurse caring for a child with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy document?

Exhibits atrophy of the calf muscles.

Has delayed fine-motor development.

Falls frequently and is clumsy.

Ambulates by holding onto furniture.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

C. Muscle weakness and lack of coordination contribute to difficulties with balance and coordination, leading to frequent falls and clumsiness in children with DMD.

A. DMD typically presents with symptoms such as difficulty climbing stairs, a waddling gait, and calf muscle hypertrophy, rather than atrophy.

B. Delayed fine-motor development is not a typical manifestation of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. DMD primarily affects muscle strength and function rather than fine motor skills.

D. Ambulating by holding onto furniture is not typical in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. As the disease progresses, children with DMD typically experience difficulty walking and may eventually require the use of assistive devices such as wheelchairs or orthoses for mobility.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A. Wheezing. Cystic fibrosis can cause airway obstruction due to thickened mucus, leading to wheezing and difficulty breathing, especially during respiratory infections or exacerbations.

B. A barrel-shaped chest is often seen in advanced stages of cystic fibrosis. It results from hyperinflation of the lungs due to air trapping, chronic lung disease, and repeated respiratory infections. The chest appears rounded and enlarged, similar to the shape of a barrel.

D. Clubbing of fingers and toes is a common finding in cystic fibrosis. It is caused by chronic hypoxia and inadequate oxygenation of tissues, leading to changes in the nail beds and fingertips. Clubbing typically develops over time in individuals with chronic respiratory conditions, including cystic fibrosis.

C. Thin, watery mucous is not expected in cystic fibrosis. Instead, cystic fibrosis is characterized by thick, sticky mucus due to dysfunction of the exocrine glands, leading to blockages in the airways, pancreas, and other organs.

E. Rapid growth spurts are not typically associated with cystic fibrosis. In fact, children with cystic fibrosis may experience growth failure or delayed growth due to malabsorption of nutrients, chronic illness, and increased energy expenditure.

A. Cool extremities and decreased urine output B. Bradycardia and hypotension C. Increased appetite and excessive weight gain D. Poor feeding and weight gain E. Tachypnea and respiratory distress

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Decreased cardiac output in heart failure can lead to poor perfusion of the extremities, resulting in cool skin and decreased urine output due to reduced renal perfusion and impaired kidney function.

D. Poor feeding is often observed due to increased respiratory effort, tachypnea, and fatigue associated with heart failure. Additionally, infants may exhibit failure to thrive or inadequate weight gain despite increased caloric intake due to metabolic demands and inefficient utilization of nutrients.

E. Tachypnea and respiratory distress occur due to pulmonary congestion and increased respiratory effort in response to heart failure. Infants may exhibit signs such as nasal flaring, grunting, retractions, and cyanosis.

B. Bradycardia and hypotension are not typical manifestations of heart failure in infants. Instead, infants with heart failure often present with tachycardia (rapid heart rate) as a compensatory mechanism to maintain cardiac output. Hypotension may occur in severe cases but is not a common finding.

C. Increased appetite and excessive weight gain are not typical manifestations of heart failure in infants. Infants with heart failure often experience poor feeding and failure to thrive due to inadequate cardiac output and oxygen delivery to meet metabolic demands.

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What characteristic manifestation does the nurse caring for a child with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy document?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse collecting data from a child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

Which of the following are common manifestations of heart failure in infants? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old client who has persistent otitis media. To help identify contributing factors, the nurse should ask the parents which of the following questions?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about diagnostic tests with the parents of a child who has suspected cystic fibrosis. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse include as the most definitive when diagnosing cystic fibrosis?

A nurse is teaching the mother of a 5-year-old child who has cystic fibrosis about pancreatic enzymes. The nurse should understand that further teaching is necessary when the mother makes which of the following statements?

A nurse is caring for a child who has Kawasaki disease. Which of the following systems is primarily affected by this disease?

The nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of Kawasaki disease. The child's parent asks the nurse, "How does Kawasaki disease affect my child's heart and blood vessels?" On what understanding is the nurse's response based?

Which is the primary goal that would be included in the plan of care for a child who has cerebral palsy?

A nurse is caring for a child who has rheumatic fever. When obtaining the client's medical history from the parent, the nurse should recognize which of the following findings as significant?

A nurse is caring for a child who has an exacerbation of cystic fibrosis. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?