What characteristic manifestation does the nurse caring for a child with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy document?

Exhibits atrophy of the calf muscles.

Has delayed fine-motor development.

Falls frequently and is clumsy.

Ambulates by holding onto furniture.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

C. Muscle weakness and lack of coordination contribute to difficulties with balance and coordination, leading to frequent falls and clumsiness in children with DMD.

A. DMD typically presents with symptoms such as difficulty climbing stairs, a waddling gait, and calf muscle hypertrophy, rather than atrophy.

B. Delayed fine-motor development is not a typical manifestation of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. DMD primarily affects muscle strength and function rather than fine motor skills.

D. Ambulating by holding onto furniture is not typical in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. As the disease progresses, children with DMD typically experience difficulty walking and may eventually require the use of assistive devices such as wheelchairs or orthoses for mobility.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. Reye's syndrome is characterized by swelling of the brain (cerebral edema), which can lead to increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Monitoring for signs of increased ICP, such as changes in level of consciousness, headache, vomiting, and altered pupil size and reactivity, is crucial for early detection and intervention to prevent neurological deterioration.

A. Reye's syndrome primarily affects the liver and brain, leading to liver dysfunction and encephalopathy. While renal involvement can occur in some cases, the priority complication typically relates to liver dysfunction and neurological manifestations rather than renal impairment.

C. Hyperglycemia may be present due to liver dysfunction and altered glucose metabolism, but it is not the primary concern compared to neurological complications and hepatic failure.

D. Reye's syndrome is not caused by a bacterial infection; it is typically associated with viral illnesses, particularly influenza and varicella (chickenpox).

A. The child may attend school if antibiotics have been started. B. Wipe any crusted material from the eye with a cotton ball soaked in warm water, starting at the outer aspect of the eye and moving toward the inner aspect. C. The child's towels and washcloths should not be used by other members of the household. D. Save any unused eye medication in case a sibling gets the eye infection.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This aligns with general guidelines for managing bacterial conjunctivitis, which emphasize the importance of cleanliness and avoiding the sharing of personal items to contain the infection.

A. Bacterial conjunctivitis is highly contagious, and the child should not attend school until they have been on antibiotics for at least 24 hours and their symptoms are improving. Allowing the child to attend school before this time could lead to the spread of the infection to other children.

B. Crusted material around the eye should be gently wiped away using a clean cotton ball soaked in warm water. It's important to start wiping from the inner aspect of the eye and move toward the outer aspect to prevent spreading any infectious material into the eye.

D. Eye medications, especially antibiotics prescribed for bacterial conjunctivitis, should not be saved for future use or shared with others. Each individual should have their own prescribed medication to avoid the risk of improper dosing or spread of infection.

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What characteristic manifestation does the nurse caring for a child with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy document?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse reviews the plan of care for a child with Reye's syndrome. The nurse plans to monitor for which priority complication of this syndrome?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is reinforcing home care instructions to the parent of a child with bacterial conjunctivitis. Which instruction would the nurse give the parent?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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