What factor has the most impact on the pharmacokinetic phase of distribution?

Low albumin

Renal disease

Hepatic disease

An elevated gastric pH

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Low albumin: This factor has the most impact on the pharmacokinetic phase of distribution. Albumin is a key protein in the blood that binds to many medications. When albumin levels are low, fewer drug molecules will be bound, leading to an increased concentration of free (unbound) drug in the bloodstream. This can result in enhanced drug effects or toxicity, as the unbound drug is pharmacologically active and more readily able to cross cell membranes.

B) Renal disease: While renal disease can impact drug elimination and excretion, it does not have as direct an effect on the distribution phase of pharmacokinetics. Renal function primarily affects the clearance of drugs from the body rather than how the drug is distributed within the tissues.

C) Hepatic disease: Hepatic disease can affect the metabolism of drugs and their clearance, but it does not directly affect the distribution phase. While the liver is involved in metabolizing drugs, it is the ability to clear or process the drug that is most influenced, rather than its distribution to tissues.

D) An elevated gastric pH: Elevated gastric pH (which can occur with antacid use or in certain conditions) can affect the absorption of some medications but has minimal direct impact on the distribution phase of pharmacokinetics. Distribution is primarily concerned with how a drug moves from the bloodstream into tissues, and this is more influenced by factors like blood flow, protein binding, and the drug's lipophilicity, rather than the pH of the stomach.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Here’s the step-by-step process:

After the first half-life (1 half-life), 50% of the initial drug is left.

200 mg → 100 mg (half is eliminated, 100 mg remains).

After the second half-life (2 half-lives), 50% of the remaining drug is eliminated again.

100 mg → 50 mg (half of 100 mg is eliminated, 50 mg remains).

After the third half-life (3 half-lives), 50% of the remaining drug is eliminated again.

50 mg → 25 mg (half of 50 mg is eliminated, 25 mg remains).

Correct Answer is ["4"]

Explanation

Convert micrograms (mcg) to milligrams (mg):

The prescribed dose is 200 mcg.

We know that 1 mg = 1000 mcg.

Therefore, 200 mcg = 200 / 1000 = 0.2 mg.

Calculate the number of tablets:

Each tablet contains 0.05 mg of levothyroxine.

The desired dose is 0.2 mg.

We can use the following formula: (Desired dose) / (Tablet strength) = Number of tablets

(0.2 mg) / (0.05 mg/tablet) = 4 tablets

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What factor has the most impact on the pharmacokinetic phase of distribution?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The client receives one dose of 200 mg of a medication. How much drug is in the body at 3 half-lives?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client is prescribed levothyroxine 200 mcg PO daily before breakfast. In the medication room are tablets labelled 0.05 mg/tablet. How many tablet(s) will you administer to the client? Fill in the blank with a numeric value. Answer to the nearest whole tablet

Correct Answer is ["4"]

Explanation

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