What is a common side effect for captopril?
Hypokalemia
Lower extremity edema
Hypertension
Dry cough
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: This statement is false. Captopril does not cause hypokalemia, which is a condition where the potassium level is too low. Captopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that lowers blood pressure and prevents kidney damage. It can actually cause hyperkalemia, which is a condition where the potassium level is too high. Hyperkalemia can cause muscle weakness, irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.
Choice B reason: This statement is false. Captopril does not cause lower extremity edema, which is a swelling of the legs or ankles due to fluid accumulation. Captopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that lowers blood pressure and prevents kidney damage. It can actually reduce edema, which is a common symptom of heart failure or kidney disease.
Choice C reason: This statement is false. Captopril does not cause hypertension, which is a condition where the blood pressure is too high. Captopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that lowers blood pressure and prevents kidney damage. It can actually treat hypertension, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke or heart attack.
Choice D reason: This statement is true. Captopril can cause dry cough, which is a common and mild side effect of this drug. Captopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that lowers blood pressure and prevents kidney damage. However, it can also affect the metabolism of a substance called bradykinin, which is involved in inflammation and coughing. Captopril can increase the levels of bradykinin in the lungs, which can irritate the airways and cause dry cough. Dry cough is not a serious condition, but it can be annoying and interfere with sleep or daily activities. The cough usually goes away after stopping the drug or switching to another type of blood pressure medication.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement is false. The client does not need to avoid taking acetaminophen with spironolactone, as there is no known interaction between these two drugs. Acetaminophen is a pain reliever and fever reducer that does not affect the blood clotting or the liver function. Spironolactone is a potassium sparing diuretic that reduces the fluid retention and the blood pressure. It does not increase the risk of bleeding or liver damage.
Choice B reason: This statement is false. The client does not need to report dry cough or blood sugar over 80 with spironolactone, as these are not common or serious side effects of this drug. Dry cough is more likely to occur with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, which are another class of blood pressure medications. Blood sugar over 80 is not a sign of hyperglycemia, which is a condition where the blood sugar is too high. Hyperglycemia can be caused by diabetes, steroids, or some other drugs, but not by spironolactone.
Choice C reason: This statement is true. The client should avoid bananas, cantaloupe, and spinach with spironolactone, as these are foods that are high in potassium. Spironolactone is a potassium sparing diuretic that prevents the loss of potassium in the urine. However, it can also cause hyperkalemia, which is a condition where the potassium level is too high. High potassium can cause muscle weakness, irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest. Therefore, the client should limit the intake of potassium rich foods and have their blood potassium level checked regularly.
Choice D reason: This statement is false. The client does not need to check their heart rate before each dose of spironolactone, as spironolactone does not affect the heart rate significantly. Spironolactone is a potassium sparing diuretic that reduces the fluid retention and the blood pressure. It can lower the heart rate slightly, but not to a dangerous level. However, the client should monitor their blood pressure and weight regularly and report any changes to their doctor..
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement is false. Labetalol is a beta-blocker that can be used to treat hypertension, angina, and heart failure after a myocardial infarction. It can reduce the risk of mortality and recurrent events in these clients.
Choice B reason: This statement is false. Labetalol is not contraindicated in smokers, although smoking can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and reduce the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs. The client should be advised to quit smoking for better health outcomes.
Choice C reason: This statement is false. Labetalol is one of the preferred drugs for treating hypertension in pregnancy, as it has a low risk of adverse effects on the fetus and the mother. It can prevent complications such as preeclampsia, eclampsia, and fetal growth restriction.
Choice D reason: This statement is true. Labetalol is contraindicated in clients with asthma, as it can cause bronchoconstriction and exacerbate respiratory symptoms. It can also mask the signs of hypoglycemia in diabetic clients. The nurse should question the order and suggest an alternative drug for this client.
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