What is characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli, usually due to a streptococcal or Staphylococcus infection?

Choice A rationale

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the female reproductive organs. It’s not typically associated with hirsutism, amenorrhea, and infertility.

Choice B rationale

Primary amenorrhea refers to the absence of menstruation in a girl by age 16. While it can cause infertility, it’s not typically associated with hirsutism.

Choice C rationale

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to physical and emotional symptoms that occur in the one to two weeks before a woman’s period. It’s not associated with hirsutism or infertility.

Choice D rationale

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder common among women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS may have infrequent or prolonged menstrual periods or excess male hormone (androgen) levels, which can cause hirsutism and amenorrhea, and it’s often associated with infertility.

Choice A rationale

Impaction of stool in the large intestine could lead to constipation and discomfort, but it would not typically cause a rigid abdomen in peritonitis.

Choice B rationale

While fluid can cause distension or bloating of the abdomen, it does not typically cause the abdomen to become rigid.

Choice C rationale

Increased gas can cause abdominal distention or bloating, but it does not typically cause the abdomen to become rigid.

Choice D rationale

In peritonitis, inflammation of the peritoneum (the lining of the abdominal cavity) can cause the abdominal muscles to spasm, leading to a rigid abdomen.