What is the definition of Parkinson's disease?

Choice A: When patient is fully oriented is incorrect because it is a positive sign of recovery from a concussion. It means that the patient is aware of their person, place, time, and situation. The nurse should monitor the patient's orientation status but does not need to report it to the doctor immediately.

Choice B: Difficulty in awakening, lethargy, dizziness, confusion, irritability, anxiety are correct because they are signs of worsening brain injury or complications from a concussion. They may indicate increased intracranial pressure, bleeding, swelling, or infection in the brain. The nurse should report these symptoms to the doctor immediately and prepare for further diagnostic tests or interventions.

Choice C: When patient is easy to arouse is incorrect because it is also a positive sign of recovery from a concussion. It means that the patient responds quickly and appropriately to verbal or physical stimuli. The nurse should monitor the patient's level of consciousness but does not need to report it to the doctor immediately.

Choice D: All of the above are incorrect because only choice b) requires immediate reporting to the doctor. Choices a) and c) are normal or expected outcomes of a concussion and do not indicate any danger or complication. The nurse should use clinical judgment and follow the guidelines for concussion management and care.

Choice A: Injury from chemicals is incorrect because it is not a type of traumatic brain injury. Injury from chemicals is a type of toxic brain injury, which occurs when a substance such as alcohol, drugs, or carbon monoxide enters the bloodstream and affects the brain function or structure. It can cause symptoms such as confusion, memory loss, or seizures.

Choice B: Acceleration/deceleration injury occurs when the head accelerates and then rapidly decelerates, damaging brain tissue is correct because it is the definition of a closed traumatic brain injury. A closed traumatic brain injury occurs when the head moves violently without breaking the skull. This can cause the brain to hit against the inner wall of the skull or twist within the skull, resulting in bruising, tearing, or shearing of the brain tissue.

Choice C: Stressed injury to the brain is incorrect because it is not a type of traumatic brain injury. Stressed injury to the brain is a type of psychological brain injury, which occurs when a person experiences a traumatic event such as violence, abuse, or war. It can cause symptoms such as flashbacks, nightmares, or post-traumatic stress disorder.

Choice D: Object penetrates the brain or trauma is so severe that the scalp and skull are opened is incorrect because it is not a closed traumatic brain injury. It is a type of open traumatic brain injury, which occurs when a foreign object such as a bullet, knife, or bone fragment enters the brain or when a blunt force trauma such as a fall, collision, or assault causes a fracture or laceration of the skull. This can damage the brain tissue, blood vessels, and nerves and cause bleeding, swelling, or infection.