What is the definition of Parkinson's disease?
An acute neurologic movement disorder associated with decreased levels of dopamine
A slow, progressive neurologic movement disorder associated with decreased levels of acetylcholine
An acute neurologic movement disorder associated with decreased levels of acetylcholine
A slow, progressive neurologic movement disorder associated with decreased levels of dopamine
The Correct Answer is D
Choice a) is incorrect because Parkinson's disease is not an acute condition, but a chronic one that develops over time.
Choice b) is incorrect because Parkinson's disease is not associated with decreased levels of acetylcholine, but with decreased levels of dopamine. Acetylcholine is another neurotransmiter that is involved in muscle movement and memory.
Choice c) is incorrect because Parkinson's disease is not an acute condition, nor is it associated with decreased levels of acetylcholine.
Choice d) is correct because Parkinson's disease is a slow, progressive neurologic movement disorder that results from the loss of dopamine-producing cells in the brain. Dopamine is a neurotransmiter that helps regulate movement, mood, and motivation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A: Object penetrates the brain or trauma is so severe that the scalp and skull are opened is correct because it is the definition of an open traumatic brain injury. An open traumatic brain injury occurs when a foreign object such as a bullet, knife, or bone fragment enters the brain or when a blunt force trauma such as a fall, collision, or assault causes a fracture or laceration of the skull. This can damage the brain tissue, blood vessels, and nerves and cause bleeding, swelling, or infection.
Choice B: Stress is incorrect because it is not a type of traumatic brain injury. Stress is a psychological or emotional response to a challenging or threatening situation. It can affect the brain function and health, but it does not cause physical damage to the brain tissue.
Choice C: Acceleration/deceleration injury occurs when the head accelerates and then rapidly decelerates, damaging brain tissue is incorrect because it is not an open traumatic brain injury. It is a type of closed traumatic brain injury, which occurs when the head moves violently without breaking the skull. This can cause the brain to hit against the inner wall of the skull or twist within the skull, resulting in bruising, tearing, or shearing of the brain tissue.
Choice D: All of the above are incorrect because only choice a) describes an open traumatic brain injury. Choices b) and c) are not related to an open traumatic brain injury and do not match its characteristics. The nurse should know the different types and causes of traumatic brain injury and their implications for assessment and care.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A: Frequent vital sign monitoring including accurate blood sugars is not a direct intervention for maintaining an airway, but rather a general measure to monitor the patient's condition and prevent complications.
Choice B: Accurate intake and output records is not a direct intervention for maintaining an airway, but rather a general measure to monitor the patient's fluid and electrolyte balance and prevent dehydration or overhydration.
Choice C: Updating the patient's family on status is not a direct intervention for maintaining an airway, but rather a supportive measure to provide information and emotional support to the patient's family.
Choice D: Head of bed 30 degrees, suctioning, oral hygiene and monitoring of respiratory status is a correct intervention for maintaining an airway, as it can reduce the risk of aspiration, infection, and obstruction of the airway.
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