What is the mechanism of action of osmotic agents when used to decrease IOP?
Decreasing viscosity of the tears and allowing fluid to drain away from the eye
Increasing plasma osmolarity and drawing extracellular fluid into the blood
Blocking production of aqueous humor
Promoting outflow of the aqueous humor into the tear ducts
The Correct Answer is B
a) Decreasing viscosity of the tears and allowing fluid to drain away from the eye: This is incorrect. Osmotic agents do not act by affecting the viscosity of tears or enhancing drainage.
b) Increasing plasma osmolarity and drawing extracellular fluid into the blood: Osmotic agents, like mannitol, work by increasing plasma osmolarity, which draws excess fluid from the eye into the bloodstream, thereby lowering intraocular pressure.
c) Blocking production of aqueous humor: This is incorrect. Blocking production of aqueous humor is the mechanism of action of medications like beta-blockers (e.g., timolol), not osmotic agents.
d) Promoting outflow of the aqueous humor into the tear ducts: This is incorrect. Promoting outflow of aqueous humor is the mechanism of action for other medications, such as prostaglandin analogs, not osmotic agents.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
a) "Tonometry will allow inspection of the optic disc for signs of degeneration." Tonometry measures intraocular pressure (IOP) but does not provide direct information about the optic disc.
b) "This test will diagnose the type of your glaucoma."Tonometry measures IOP, but additional tests, such as visual field testing and optic disc examination, are needed to diagnose the type of glaucoma.
c) "Tonometry is performed to evaluate peripheral vision."Tonometry measures intraocular pressure, not peripheral vision. Visual field testing is used to assess peripheral vision.
d) "This test will measure the intraocular pressure of the eye." Tonometry is used to measure intraocular pressure, which is a key factor in diagnosing and managing glaucoma.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a) A red, dull, thick, and immobile tympanic membrane: In acute otitis media, the tympanic membrane typically appears red, dull, thickened, and may be immobile due to fluid and infection in the middle ear.
b) A transparent and clear tympanic membrane: This would suggest a healthy, non-infected ear, which is not expected in acute otitis media.
c) A pink-colored tympanic membrane: This is not a typical finding in acute otitis media; a pink membrane is more characteristic of a healthy ear.
d) A pearly colored tympanic membrane: A pearly color is normal for the tympanic membrane, indicating a healthy ear with no infection.
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