What is the mechanism of action of osmotic agents when used to decrease IOP?

Decreasing viscosity of the tears and allowing fluid to drain away from the eye

Increasing plasma osmolarity and drawing extracellular fluid into the blood

Blocking production of aqueous humor

Promoting outflow of the aqueous humor into the tear ducts

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

a) Decreasing viscosity of the tears and allowing fluid to drain away from the eye: This is incorrect. Osmotic agents do not act by affecting the viscosity of tears or enhancing drainage.
b) Increasing plasma osmolarity and drawing extracellular fluid into the blood: Osmotic agents, like mannitol, work by increasing plasma osmolarity, which draws excess fluid from the eye into the bloodstream, thereby lowering intraocular pressure.
c) Blocking production of aqueous humor: This is incorrect. Blocking production of aqueous humor is the mechanism of action of medications like beta-blockers (e.g., timolol), not osmotic agents.
d) Promoting outflow of the aqueous humor into the tear ducts: This is incorrect. Promoting outflow of aqueous humor is the mechanism of action for other medications, such as prostaglandin analogs, not osmotic agents.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

a) Position the client on the affected side to rest: This is incorrect. The client should avoid sleeping on the operated side to prevent pressure on the eye and reduce the risk of complications.
b) The client should wear dark glasses while outdoors: Dark glasses should be worn outdoors to protect the eye from bright light and reduce discomfort after cataract surgery.
c) The client should remain in bed for 3 days: This is unnecessary. The client should avoid strenuous activity but does not need to remain bedridden for 3 days.
d) Feed the client soft foods for several days: This is not necessary for cataract surgery recovery. There are no dietary restrictions related to the surgery.

A. "Open-angle glaucoma is the kind that develops slowly." B. "Closed-angle glaucoma is the one that suddenly develops." C. "Glaucoma can be cured by taking eye drops for 2 weeks. D. "Glaucoma is an eye disorder that develops because the pressure inside your eyeball is too high."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

a) "Open-angle glaucoma is the kind that develops slowly." This statement is accurate, as open-angle glaucoma progresses gradually without noticeable symptoms, leading to irreversible damage over time.
b) "Closed-angle glaucoma is the one that suddenly develops." Closed-angle glaucoma is typically acute and presents suddenly with symptoms like severe eye pain, nausea, and vomiting.
c) "Glaucoma can be cured by taking eye drops for 2 weeks." Glaucoma is a chronic condition that cannot be cured by eye drops, and long-term management with medication or surgical intervention is required to control intraocular pressure.
d) "Glaucoma is an eye disorder that develops because the pressure inside your eyeball is too high." Glaucoma is primarily caused by increased intraocular pressure, which can damage the optic nerve.

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What is the mechanism of action of osmotic agents when used to decrease IOP?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse at an outpatient surgery center is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client's partner following surgical removal of a cataract. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse was discussing open-angle glaucoma with a patient who was newly diagnosed with glaucoma. Which statement by the patient indicates more teaching is needed?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who is postoperative following a cataract extraction. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

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