What is the mechanism of action of osmotic agents when used to decrease IOP?

a) Allergic rhinitis: Allergic rhinitis typically causes symptoms like sneezing, itchy eyes, and nasal congestion, but it does not typically present with the toothache-like pain or the fullness in the head seen in sinusitis.
b) Impacted wisdom teeth: Impacted wisdom teeth may cause pain in the jaw or gums, but they would not be associated with the fullness in the head or symptoms specific to sinus pressure.
c) Nasal polyps: Nasal polyps can cause nasal congestion or a runny nose, but they usually don't cause the specific symptoms of headache, facial pain, or fullness seen in sinusitis.
d) Sinusitis: The symptoms described (morning headaches, fullness in the head, and pain similar to a toothache under the eye) are indicative of sinusitis, an inflammation of the sinuses, which can cause these specific types of discomfort.

a) "Moderate to severe pain is expected." Mild discomfort or a sensation of something in the eye is common after cataract surgery, but moderate to severe pain is not expected. Significant pain may indicate complications such as infection or increased intraocular pressure.
b) "Resume usual activities immediately." The patient should avoid strenuous activities, bending, lifting, and sudden movements that could increase intraocular pressure or cause trauma to the eye.
c) "Always lie on the unaffected side." The patient should avoid sleeping on the operative side to prevent pressure on the eye. Lying on the unaffected side is encouraged, but the primary goal is to avoid pressure on the operated eye.
d) "Expect a small amount of bleeding." A small amount of bleeding or clear drainage may occur in the early postoperative period, which is typically not concerning unless it becomes excessive or persistent.
e) "Avoid pressure on the operative eye." Avoiding pressure on the operative eye is essential to prevent complications such as dislodging the lens or increasing intraocular pressure.