What is the most appropriate nursing intervention for an infant diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus to prevent complications?

Administer diuretics to manage fluid overload

Monitor respiratory status closely and administer oxygen as needed

Encourage frequent feedings to promote weight gain

Perform chest physiotherapy to enhance lung expansion

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Diuretics manage fluid overload in patent ductus arteriosus but are not the primary intervention. Respiratory distress from increased pulmonary flow is the main complication, requiring oxygen and monitoring. Diuretics are supportive, making this less critical than addressing immediate respiratory needs in infants.

Choice B reason: Patent ductus arteriosus causes left-to-right shunting, increasing pulmonary blood flow and risking respiratory distress. Monitoring respiratory status and administering oxygen as needed prevent hypoxemia and support gas exchange, making this the most appropriate intervention to address the primary complication in infants with this condition.

Choice C reason: Frequent feedings promote weight gain but do not address the primary complication of patent ductus arteriosus, which is pulmonary overcirculation leading to respiratory distress. Nutritional support is secondary to managing respiratory status, making this an incorrect primary intervention for preventing complications.

Choice D reason: Chest physiotherapy enhances lung expansion but is not specific to patent ductus arteriosus complications, which primarily involve pulmonary congestion from shunting. Respiratory monitoring and oxygen therapy directly address hypoxemia, making physiotherapy a less appropriate intervention compared to managing acute respiratory needs.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Risk for infection is not specific to Mr. Carter’s context unless evidence of wounds or immunosuppression exists. Hypertension management focuses on lifestyle and medication adherence, not infection, making this an incorrect nursing diagnosis compared to addressing knowledge deficits in health maintenance.

Choice B reason: Ineffective health maintenance related to knowledge deficit is appropriate for Mr. Carter, likely a hypertensive patient needing education on lifestyle changes and medication adherence. This diagnosis addresses the need for teaching to improve self-management, making it the most relevant for optimizing his hypertension control and health outcomes.

Choice C reason: Acute pain is not typically associated with hypertension unless complications like angina occur. Mr. Carter’s primary issue is managing hypertension, not pain, making this an incorrect diagnosis, as knowledge deficits in health maintenance are more relevant to his condition and care needs.

Choice D reason: Risk for fluid volume deficit is less relevant for hypertension, which often involves fluid overload. Diuretics may cause depletion, but the primary issue is health maintenance through education, making this an incorrect diagnosis compared to addressing Mr. Carter’s need for hypertension management knowledge.

A. Limit sodium to 2300 mg/day or less B. Increase red meat intake C. Consume full-fat dairy products D. Avoid all carbohydrates

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: The DASH diet, designed for hypertension, recommends limiting sodium to 2300 mg/day or less to reduce fluid retention and blood pressure. Low sodium decreases vascular volume and resistance, improving cardiovascular outcomes, making this the correct dietary recommendation for Mr. Carter’s hypertension management.

Choice B reason: Increasing red meat intake is contrary to the DASH diet, which emphasizes lean proteins and limits saturated fats. Red meat raises cholesterol and blood pressure, worsening hypertension. This recommendation is incorrect, as it opposes the diet’s goal of reducing cardiovascular risk through healthier food choices.

Choice C reason: Full-fat dairy products are high in saturated fats, increasing cholesterol and cardiovascular risk, contrary to the DASH diet’s emphasis on low-fat dairy. This choice raises blood pressure, making it incorrect, as the DASH diet promotes low-fat options to support hypertension control and heart health.

Choice D reason: Avoiding all carbohydrates is not part of the DASH diet, which includes complex carbohydrates like whole grains for fiber and sustained energy. Eliminating carbohydrates risks nutritional imbalance and is not evidence-based for hypertension, making this an incorrect recommendation for Mr. Carter’s dietary plan.

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What is the most appropriate nursing intervention for an infant diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus to prevent complications?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for Mr. Carter?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which dietary recommendation aligns with the DASH diet for Mr. Carter?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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