What is the primary function of wave summation?
Prevent muscle fatigue
Increase muscle tension
Produce smooth, continuous muscle contraction
Lessen a muscle contraction
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Preventing muscle fatigue is not the primary function of wave summation. Fatigue is influenced by metabolic factors and sustained activity, not by the summation of muscle twitches.
Choice B reason: While wave summation does increase muscle tension, this is a secondary effect. The main purpose is to produce a more sustained and coordinated contraction.
Choice C reason: Wave summation occurs when successive stimuli are delivered before the muscle has completely relaxed, leading to a stronger and smoother contraction. This mechanism allows for continuous muscle activity, making it the correct answer.
Choice D reason: Wave summation enhances, not lessens, muscle contraction. It builds upon previous contractions to produce a more forceful and sustained response. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Osteomalacia is a condition characterized by softening of the bones due to defective bone mineralization, often caused by vitamin D deficiency. While it leads to bone weakness and pain, it does not primarily involve an imbalance between bone resorption and deposition.
Choice B reason: Rickets is the pediatric counterpart of osteomalacia and results from inadequate vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate. It causes bone deformities due to poor mineralization but is not defined by excessive bone resorption.
Choice C reason: Osteoporosis is the correct answer. It is a systemic skeletal disorder marked by decreased bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. The hallmark of osteoporosis is that bone resorption by osteoclasts exceeds bone formation by osteoblasts, leading to porous, fragile bones and increased fracture risk.
Choice D reason: Paget’s disease involves disorganized bone remodeling, with excessive bone resorption followed by abnormal bone formation. However, the newly formed bone is structurally unsound and enlarged, not necessarily thin or fragile in the same way as osteoporosis.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: A meatus is a canal-like passageway through bone, such as the external auditory meatus in the skull. It does not describe a rounded projection.
Choice B reason: A foramen is a hole or opening in a bone that allows the passage of nerves and blood vessels. It is not a projection.
Choice C reason: A condyle is a rounded articular projection that typically forms part of a joint. It allows for smooth articulation with another bone, making it the correct answer.
Choice D reason: A fossa is a shallow depression in a bone, often serving as an articular surface or for muscle attachment. It is not a projection.
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