What is the primary mode of transmission for viral meningitis?

Choice A rationale:

Meningococcal meningitis is not mainly seen in infants. It can affect individuals of all ages, but infants and young children are more susceptible to certain types of bacterial meningitis, such as Haemophilus influenzae type b.

Choice B rationale:

Meningococcal meningitis is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets, close contact with an infected person, or exposure to contaminated respiratory or throat secretions. It is not primarily linked to regions with contaminated water.

Choice C rationale:

Meningococcal meningitis can progress rapidly and cause death within hours if left untreated. Therefore, early recognition and prompt medical treatment are essential to improve outcomes.

Choice D rationale:

The statement comparing meningococcal meningitis with fungal meningitis' mortality rate is not accurate. While meningococcal meningitis can be severe, fungal meningitis is generally associated with a higher mortality rate, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.

Choice A rationale:

Administering intravenous fluids is an appropriate nursing intervention for a client with meningitis. Meningitis can cause dehydration due to fever, decreased oral intake, and increased fluid loss. IV fluids help maintain hydration and prevent complications.

Choice B rationale:

Applying warm compresses to the forehead is not a standard nursing intervention for meningitis. Fever is a common symptom of meningitis, and while comfort measures may be used to manage fever, warm compresses on the forehead are not specific to meningitis and may not be well-tolerated by some patients.

Choice C rationale:

Providing dim lighting and minimizing noise are appropriate nursing interventions for a client with meningitis. Meningitis can cause sensitivity to light and sound, and creating a calm and quiet environment can help reduce discomfort and promote healing.

Choice D rationale:

Giving prophylactic antibiotics is an appropriate nursing intervention for bacterial meningitis. Once the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis is confirmed or suspected, antibiotics should be initiated promptly to control the infection and prevent complications.

Choice E rationale:

Monitoring vital signs and neurological status is crucial for a client with meningitis. Vital signs such as temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure should be closely monitored to assess for any signs of worsening condition or complications. Neurological assessments help identify changes in the client's mental status, reflexes, and cranial nerve function.