A client has been diagnosed with pneumococcal meningitis. Which statement by the client indicates an accurate understanding of the condition?
"This type of meningitis mainly affects children under five years old.”
"It is caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b.”
"Pneumococcal meningitis is only prevalent in tropical regions.”
"The mortality rate is low even with appropriate treatment.”
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
Pneumococcal meningitis can affect individuals of all ages, although children under five years old and adults over 65 years old are at a higher risk. It is not exclusive to young children under five.
Choice B rationale:
Pneumococcal meningitis is caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae, not Haemophilus influenzae type b.
Choice C rationale:
Pneumococcal meningitis is not only prevalent in tropical regions; it can occur worldwide.
Choice D rationale:
With appropriate and timely treatment, the mortality rate of pneumococcal meningitis can be relatively low. However, it is still a severe and potentially life-threatening condition, and prompt medical attention is crucial to avoid complications.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Viral meningitis is caused by viral infections and is more commonly seen in the summer and fall months rather than in tropical regions during winter.
Choice B rationale:
Bacterial meningitis is more common in tropical regions during the winter season. It is caused by bacterial infections and can be severe and life-threatening if not promptly treated. The colder weather in the winter may increase the transmission of bacteria responsible for causing meningitis.
Choice C rationale:
Fungal meningitis is not specifically associated with any particular season or region. It can occur in individuals with weakened immune systems, but it is not more common in tropical regions during winter.
Choice D rationale:
Parasitic meningitis is primarily caused by parasites and is not typically associated with any specific season or region. It is a rare form of meningitis and is not more prevalent in tropical regions during winter.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
A cloudy appearance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can indicate the presence of white blood cells and bacteria, suggesting an infection. However, it is not specific to bacterial or fungal infection and can also be seen in viral meningitis or non-infectious conditions like multiple sclerosis.
Choice B rationale:
Increased pressure in the CSF may occur in meningitis due to the inflammation and accumulation of fluid. While it can raise suspicion for meningitis, it is not specific to bacterial or fungal infection and can also be observed in other intracranial conditions.
Choice C rationale:
Decreased glucose levels in the CSF are a characteristic finding in bacterial or fungal meningitis. The invading bacteria or fungi consume glucose, leading to lower levels in the CSF compared to normal blood glucose levels. This finding helps differentiate bacterial or fungal meningitis from viral meningitis, where glucose levels are usually normal.
Choice D rationale:
Elevated protein levels in the CSF can be seen in various conditions, including meningitis. While it indicates increased inflammation and breakdown of cells, it is not specific to bacterial or fungal infection and can be present in viral or other forms of meningitis.
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