A client has been diagnosed with pneumococcal meningitis. Which statement by the client indicates an accurate understanding of the condition?
"This type of meningitis mainly affects children under five years old.”
"It is caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b.”
"Pneumococcal meningitis is only prevalent in tropical regions.”
"The mortality rate is low even with appropriate treatment.”
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
Pneumococcal meningitis can affect individuals of all ages, although children under five years old and adults over 65 years old are at a higher risk. It is not exclusive to young children under five.
Choice B rationale:
Pneumococcal meningitis is caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae, not Haemophilus influenzae type b.
Choice C rationale:
Pneumococcal meningitis is not only prevalent in tropical regions; it can occur worldwide.
Choice D rationale:
With appropriate and timely treatment, the mortality rate of pneumococcal meningitis can be relatively low. However, it is still a severe and potentially life-threatening condition, and prompt medical attention is crucial to avoid complications.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Meningococcal meningitis is not mainly seen in infants. It can affect individuals of all ages, but infants and young children are more susceptible to certain types of bacterial meningitis, such as Haemophilus influenzae type b.
Choice B rationale:
Meningococcal meningitis is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets, close contact with an infected person, or exposure to contaminated respiratory or throat secretions. It is not primarily linked to regions with contaminated water.
Choice C rationale:
Meningococcal meningitis can progress rapidly and cause death within hours if left untreated. Therefore, early recognition and prompt medical treatment are essential to improve outcomes.
Choice D rationale:
The statement comparing meningococcal meningitis with fungal meningitis' mortality rate is not accurate. While meningococcal meningitis can be severe, fungal meningitis is generally associated with a higher mortality rate, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D rationale:
Viral meningitis is usually transmitted through direct contact with respiratory droplets. It can also be spread through contact with fecal matter and other body fluids. In contrast, bacterial meningitis has multiple routes of transmission, including respiratory droplets, direct contact, and contaminated food or water.
Choice A rationale:
Ingestion of raw or undercooked snails or slugs is associated with a parasitic infection called "rat lungworm" and not viral meningitis.
Choice B rationale:
While the infected person can act as a vector for the spread of viral meningitis, the primary mode of transmission is through respiratory droplets and not the human body itself. The reservoir for viral meningitis is often human carriers, but it can also exist in other animals or environmental sources.
Choice C rationale:
Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae are bacterial pathogens that can cause bacterial meningitis, not viral meningitis.
Choice E rationale:
Viral meningitis is not caused by a fungus, and environmental sources are not the reservoirs for viral meningitis transmission. It is mainly transmitted from person to person.
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