A client is planning to travel to a high-risk area for meningitis. What is the recommended preventive measure for this situation?
Taking prophylactic antibiotics.
Getting vaccinated against mumps.
Practicing good hand hygiene.
Avoiding close contact with people with respiratory infections.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
The recommended preventive measure for a client planning to travel to a high-risk area for meningitis is to take prophylactic antibiotics. Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, and it can be caused by various pathogens, including bacteria. Travel to high-risk areas may increase the risk of exposure to meningitis-causing bacteria. Prophylactic antibiotics are given to individuals at high risk of contracting bacterial meningitis to prevent infection or reduce the severity if exposed. Commonly used antibiotics for prophylaxis include ciprofloxacin, rifampin, and others, depending on the specific high-risk area and its predominant pathogens.
Choice B rationale:
Getting vaccinated against mumps is not the recommended preventive measure for meningitis caused by other pathogens. Mumps is a viral infection caused by the mumps virus, and while it can cause complications, it is not a common cause of meningitis. The appropriate preventive measure for mumps is vaccination with the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine.
Choice C rationale:
Practicing good hand hygiene is essential for preventing the spread of infections in general, but it is not specifically targeted at preventing meningitis. Meningitis is usually transmitted through respiratory droplets or direct contact with infected individuals. While hand hygiene can help reduce the risk of contracting various infections, it is not the primary preventive measure for meningitis.
Choice D rationale:
Avoiding close contact with people with respiratory infections is a good practice to reduce the risk of various respiratory infections, including those that can cause meningitis. However, it is not the recommended specific preventive measure for a client planning to travel to a high-risk area for meningitis. Prophylactic antibiotics are the more appropriate choice in this situation to directly target potential meningitis-causing bacteria.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Ingestion of contaminated water is the primary mode of transmission for certain gastrointestinal infections, such as viral gastroenteritis, but it is not the main route for viral meningitis transmission.
Choice B rationale:
Mosquito or tick bites are associated with the transmission of various vector-borne diseases, such as West Nile virus, Lyme disease, and others. However, they are not the primary mode of transmission for viral meningitis.
Choice C rationale:
Direct contact with respiratory droplets or saliva from an infected person is the most common mode of transmission for viral meningitis. Viruses causing meningitis, such as enteroviruses, are often present in respiratory secretions and saliva.
Choice D rationale:
Inhalation of fungal spores is related to the transmission of certain fungal infections, such as aspergillosis or histoplasmosis, but it is not the primary mode of transmission for viral meningitis.
Choice E rationale:
Contact with contaminated soil is not a typical mode of transmission for viral meningitis. It might be relevant for some soil-transmitted infections but not for viral meningitis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D rationale:
Viral meningitis is usually transmitted through direct contact with respiratory droplets. It can also be spread through contact with fecal matter and other body fluids. In contrast, bacterial meningitis has multiple routes of transmission, including respiratory droplets, direct contact, and contaminated food or water.
Choice A rationale:
Ingestion of raw or undercooked snails or slugs is associated with a parasitic infection called "rat lungworm" and not viral meningitis.
Choice B rationale:
While the infected person can act as a vector for the spread of viral meningitis, the primary mode of transmission is through respiratory droplets and not the human body itself. The reservoir for viral meningitis is often human carriers, but it can also exist in other animals or environmental sources.
Choice C rationale:
Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae are bacterial pathogens that can cause bacterial meningitis, not viral meningitis.
Choice E rationale:
Viral meningitis is not caused by a fungus, and environmental sources are not the reservoirs for viral meningitis transmission. It is mainly transmitted from person to person.
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