A client is planning to travel to a high-risk area for meningitis. What is the recommended preventive measure for this situation?
Taking prophylactic antibiotics.
Getting vaccinated against mumps.
Practicing good hand hygiene.
Avoiding close contact with people with respiratory infections.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
The recommended preventive measure for a client planning to travel to a high-risk area for meningitis is to take prophylactic antibiotics. Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, and it can be caused by various pathogens, including bacteria. Travel to high-risk areas may increase the risk of exposure to meningitis-causing bacteria. Prophylactic antibiotics are given to individuals at high risk of contracting bacterial meningitis to prevent infection or reduce the severity if exposed. Commonly used antibiotics for prophylaxis include ciprofloxacin, rifampin, and others, depending on the specific high-risk area and its predominant pathogens.
Choice B rationale:
Getting vaccinated against mumps is not the recommended preventive measure for meningitis caused by other pathogens. Mumps is a viral infection caused by the mumps virus, and while it can cause complications, it is not a common cause of meningitis. The appropriate preventive measure for mumps is vaccination with the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine.
Choice C rationale:
Practicing good hand hygiene is essential for preventing the spread of infections in general, but it is not specifically targeted at preventing meningitis. Meningitis is usually transmitted through respiratory droplets or direct contact with infected individuals. While hand hygiene can help reduce the risk of contracting various infections, it is not the primary preventive measure for meningitis.
Choice D rationale:
Avoiding close contact with people with respiratory infections is a good practice to reduce the risk of various respiratory infections, including those that can cause meningitis. However, it is not the recommended specific preventive measure for a client planning to travel to a high-risk area for meningitis. Prophylactic antibiotics are the more appropriate choice in this situation to directly target potential meningitis-causing bacteria.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Amphotericin B is an antifungal drug that may be used to treat fungal meningitis. It is effective against a wide range of fungal pathogens and is often considered the drug of choice for severe systemic fungal infections, including fungal meningitis.
Choice B rationale:
Fluconazole is another antifungal drug used to treat fungal meningitis. It is effective against certain types of fungi, especially Candida species, which are known to cause fungal meningitis in some cases.
Choice E rationale:
Voriconazole is a broad-spectrum antifungal medication that is also used to treat fungal meningitis. It is particularly effective against Aspergillus species, which can cause invasive fungal infections, including meningitis.
Choice C rationale:
Albendazole is an antiparasitic drug and is not used to treat fungal meningitis. It is primarily indicated for the treatment of parasitic infections, such as certain types of worms.
Choice D rationale:
Ivermectin is another antiparasitic drug and is not used in the treatment of fungal meningitis. It is commonly used to treat various parasitic infections but has no activity against fungal pathogens.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) was a common cause of bacterial meningitis in the past, especially in children, but its incidence has significantly decreased due to the widespread use of the Hib vaccine.
Choice B rationale:
Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcal) can cause meningitis and is an important pathogen, but it is more commonly associated with meningitis in children and young adults.
Choice C rationale:
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcal) is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in adults. It is a gram-positive bacterium that can lead to severe infections, including pneumonia, meningitis, and bloodstream infections.
Choice D rationale:
Escherichia coli is a bacterial species typically associated with urinary tract infections and gastrointestinal illnesses. While it can rarely cause meningitis in certain populations, it is not the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in adults.
Choice E rationale:
Group B streptococcus is a significant cause of neonatal meningitis but is less commonly responsible for meningitis in adults.
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