What is the purpose of conducting a literature review for a research study?
Identify the research design and explain the rationale for choosing the research methodology.
Ensure that the study has not already been completed and that the findings will provide a unique contribution.
Provide a context for the research question that describes relevant theory and results of previous studies.
Describe how the study findings can be used in the future and identify the need for conducting the study.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice C rationale:
Provide a context for the research question that describes relevant theory and results of previous studies. A literature review serves to provide context for the research question by summarizing relevant theories, previous research findings, and existing knowledge related to the topic. It helps researchers understand the current state of knowledge in their area of interest and identifies gaps or areas where further research is needed. While other choices may also be relevant to some extent, choice C directly addresses the primary purpose of a literature review in the research process.
Choice A rationale:
Identifying the research design and explaining the rationale for choosing the research methodology is typically part of the research methodology section, not the literature review.
Choice B rationale:
Ensuring that the study has not already been completed and that the findings will provide a unique contribution is important but not the primary purpose of a literature review. It is more related to conducting a preliminary review of existing literature before conducting the study.
Choice D rationale:
Describing how the study findings can be used in the future and identifying the need for conducting the study are important aspects of the discussion and conclusion sections of a research report, not the literature review.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice C rationale:
Provide a context for the research question that describes relevant theory and results of previous studies. A literature review serves to provide context for the research question by summarizing relevant theories, previous research findings, and existing knowledge related to the topic. It helps researchers understand the current state of knowledge in their area of interest and identifies gaps or areas where further research is needed. While other choices may also be relevant to some extent, choice C directly addresses the primary purpose of a literature review in the research process.
Choice A rationale:
Identifying the research design and explaining the rationale for choosing the research methodology is typically part of the research methodology section, not the literature review.
Choice B rationale:
Ensuring that the study has not already been completed and that the findings will provide a unique contribution is important but not the primary purpose of a literature review. It is more related to conducting a preliminary review of existing literature before conducting the study.
Choice D rationale:
Describing how the study findings can be used in the future and identifying the need for conducting the study are important aspects of the discussion and conclusion sections of a research report, not the literature review.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
A significance level of p<.031 is relatively lenient and might result in a higher chance of obtaining statistically significant results by chance. A sample size of 54 subjects is moderate but may not provide the greatest support for the findings.
Choice B rationale:
A significance level of p<.01 is still relatively lenient, and a sample size of 15 subjects is relatively small. While p<.01 is more stringent than p<.031, it does not provide as strong statistical support as the options with lower p-values.
Choice C rationale:
This is the correct answer. A significance level of p<.001 is highly stringent and indicates a very low probability of obtaining the observed results by chance. A sample size of 73 subjects is relatively large, which enhances the reliability of the findings. This combination provides the greatest statistical support for the reported findings.
Choice D rationale:
A significance level of p=.301 is not stringent at all and would likely result in non-significant findings even with a small sample size of 24 subjects. This choice does not provide strong statistical support for the reported findings.
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