What nursing action is appropriate when treating a hospitalized child with pediculosis?
No precautions are needed.
Wear gown, gloves, and hair cover.
Isolate the child in a negative-pressure room.
Wear gloves only.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Pediculosis, an infestation of lice, is highly contagious through direct contact, especially head-to-head contact. Therefore, no precautions are insufficient to prevent the spread of lice to healthcare workers and other patients. Standard precautions are necessary.
Choice B rationale
Wearing a gown and hair cover is not typically required for routine care of a child with pediculosis. Standard precautions, including gloves to prevent direct contact with the child's hair and scalp, are generally sufficient. Gowns are usually indicated when there is a risk of contact with body fluids or secretions.
Choice C rationale
Isolating the child in a negative-pressure room is reserved for airborne infections, such as tuberculosis or measles. Pediculosis is transmitted through direct contact, not airborne droplets, so isolation in a negative-pressure room is unnecessary and inappropriate.
Choice D rationale
Wearing gloves is the appropriate nursing action when treating a hospitalized child with pediculosis. Gloves prevent direct contact with the lice and their eggs (nits) during examination and treatment of the scalp and hair, thus minimizing the risk of transmission to the healthcare worker. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Immersing a first-degree burn in cool tap water for at least 10 minutes helps to cool the burned tissue, reducing pain, inflammation, and the extent of tissue damage. The cool water dissipates the heat absorbed by the skin, preventing further injury to the epidermal cells and underlying tissues.
Choice B rationale
Covering a fresh burn with a dry, sterile gauze bandage is important to protect it from contamination and further injury after it has been adequately cooled. However, the immediate initial action should focus on stopping the burning process and cooling the affected area to minimize tissue damage.
Choice C rationale
Applying a topical antibiotic ointment is generally recommended for burns to prevent infection, but this is not the most appropriate initial action immediately after the burn occurs. Cooling the burn takes precedence to reduce heat damage. Antibiotic ointment is usually applied after the initial cooling and cleaning of the wound.
Choice D rationale
Applying an ice pack directly to a burn can cause further tissue damage due to vasoconstriction and potential frostbite. While cooling is beneficial, it should be done gently with cool running water or immersion in cool tap water, not with intense cold like an ice pack directly on the skin.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Limiting fluid intake is generally not indicated for atopic dermatitis unless there is a specific comorbid condition warranting fluid restriction. Maintaining adequate hydration is usually encouraged for overall skin health.
Choice B rationale
Promoting peeling of dead skin is not a primary goal in managing atopic dermatitis. The focus is on reducing inflammation, relieving itching, and maintaining skin hydration and barrier function, not necessarily on exfoliation.
Choice C rationale
Maintaining skin integrity and preventing infection are the most important goals in the care of a child with atopic dermatitis. The chronic inflammation and itching can lead to skin breakdown, increasing the risk of secondary bacterial or viral infections. Nursing interventions focus on gentle skin care, emollients, and managing itching.
Choice D rationale
Alcohol-based lotions should be avoided in children with atopic dermatitis as alcohol can dry and irritate the skin, exacerbating the condition and impairing skin integrity. Emollients that are fragrance-free and hypoallergenic are preferred to maintain skin hydration.
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